878       RATE  AT  WHICH  LIQUIDS  FLOW  THROUGH  SYPHONS. 
*  &  L  <*  *  ^Vj  • 
First  ex- 
ptjrini6iit« 
Second  ex- 
Third  ex- 
tip  r  5  m  anf 
Seconds. 
Seconds. 
Seconds. 
Water, 
■1  A  A  A 
1000 
49 
60 
212 
Paraffine  oil,       .  * 
79 
51b 
Boghead  naphtha, 
1  00 
a  a 
49 
59 
001 
Turpentine, 
876 
67 
79 
334 
Whiskey,  . 
914 
85 
120 
515 
Petroleum, 
812 
83 
549 
Turpentine  and  naphtha, 
half  of  each,  . 
825 
48 
64 
249 
It  is  curious  to  observe  in  the  above  table  that  although 
naphtha  runs  through  the  first  syphon  in  a  considerably  shorter 
time  than  turpentine,  that  a  mixture  of  these  liquids  in  equal 
proportions  flows  at  a  slower  rate  than  even  the  naphtha  by  it- 
self. This  is  not  observed  as  the  syphon  limbs  get  more  nearly 
equal.  The  cause  is  evidently  the  greater  wreight  of  liquid  in 
the  long  limb  drawing  it  faster  over  without  the  viscosity  being 
increased  proportionately. 
Experiments  were  made  with  wide  and  narrow  syphons  ad- 
justed to  empty  a  bottle  of  water  in  the  same  time,  to  see  whether 
other  liquids  would  also  flow  through  them  in  an  equal  time,  but 
the  numbers  obtained  were  widely  different. 
I  tried  also  the  effect  of  using  a  long  and  short  syphon,  keep- 
ing the  ends  of  the  limbs  at  the  same  comparative  level  in  both 
cases.  First  both  limbs  were"  about  19J-  inches  long,  the  long 
limb  being  kept  fths  inch  below  the  level  of  the  other.  In  the 
second  experiment  10J  inches  were  cut  equally  off  both  limbs. 
This  syphon  was  almost  uniform  in  bore,  and  19*  inches  in  diame- 
ter. The  same  bottle  was  employed  as  in  former  experiments, 
holding  7300  grs.  wrater. 
First  Experiment.  Second  Experiment. 
Seconds.  Seconds. 
Water,  L       179  119 
Boghead  naphtha,       .       146  103 
Turpentine,         .        .       278  160 
The  value  of  this  method  of  examining  the  flow  of  liquids,  even 
in  this  rough  way,  may  be  illustrated  by  the  following  example : 
Bottle  holding  7300  grs.  water,  syphon  same  as  in  third  experi- 
ments of  second  table  : — 
[*  This  evidently  should  be  l-9thinch. — Ed.  Am.  Jour.  Ph.] 
