ON TURPENTINE CAMPHOR. 
ART. LXIL— ON TURPENTINE-CAMPHOR. 
By M. Wiggers. 
The author has communicated some experiments on tur- 
pentine-camphor, the best proportions for obtaining which 
in large quantities he found to be 8 parts oil of turpentine, 
2 nitric acid of 1.25 to 1.3 spec, grav., and 1 part alcohol 
of 0.S63 spec. grav. This mixture is frequently shaken for 
some days until, on being set aside at 68°-78°, the cam- 
phor separates from the liquid. Turpentine-camphor is 
only formed from that modification of the oil of turpentine 
which yields a crystalline compound with muriatic acid ; 
and no camphor could be procured from an oil which could 
not be combined with muriatic acid. Sulphuric, muriatic 
and acetic acids act in precisely the same manner as nitric 
acid. 
The camphor obtained, according to this process, is 
slightly coloured; it is purified by recrystallization, for 
which purpose it is dissolved in boiling water. The analy- 
sis of this pure camphor proved it to be a hydrate of the 
oil of turpentine corresponding to the formula C 20 H 16 
6aq. : — 
Carbon, . . . 63.31 20 63.21 
Hydrogen . . . 11.55 22 11.55 
Oxygen .... 6 25.24 
When this body is heated to melting, it loses 2 equiv. 
water, and the fused body thus obtained is C 20 H 16 + 4aq. 
If either of these two hydrates be placed in a vessel, and 
a current of dry muriatic gas be passed into it, the camphor 
becomes liquid, disengages heat, and two colourless layers 
are obtained ; the lower one is muriatic acid, formed from 
the water of the camphor ; 'the upper one is of an oily con- 
sistence, and is a combination of oil of turpentine with mu- 
riatic acid, C 90 H 16 HC1. 
On treating turpentine-camphor with hydriodic acid, an 
