312 
Pharmacy  and  Chemistry. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
July,  1904. 
The  mineral  started  with  is  bauxite ;  extracting  the  alumina  from 
this  leaves  a  brownish  residue,  containing  among  other  substances 
titanium.  The  various  salts  of  this  commonly  regarded  rare  element 
are  prepared  in  commercial  quantities  by  this  same  firm.  Twine 
and  yarns  mordanted  with  these  salts  and  then  dyed  present  a 
peculiarly  high  gloss,  e.g.,  cotton  twine  has  been  so  treated. 
There  are  many  other  manufacturers  in  this  British  section,  repre- 
senting the  usual  run  of  fine  chemicals,  but  we  have  not  the  space 
to  analyze  them  in  this  letter. 
Research  work  done  at  Owens  College  (now  Victoria  University) 
by  Professor  Schorlemmer  on  Pennsylvania  petroleum  many  years 
ago  is  of  historical  importance,  also  the  zinc  ethyl  made  by  the  cele- 
brated Frankland.  Most  interesting  is  Sir  Henry  Roscoe's  conclu- 
sive work,  showing  that  the  then  held  elemental  vanadium  was  in 
fact  an  oxide  of  this  element.  The  various  chlorides  and  oxides 
of  this  element  show  striking  colors ;  the  solutions  of  the  sesqui- 
oxide  is  green,  the  dioxide  is  greenish-blue,  the  tetroxide  is  deep 
blue,  and  the  common  pentoxide  is  yellowish.  The  pentoxide  is 
also  shown  in  large  prisms,  their  color  and  appearance  remind  one 
of  permanganate  of  potassium. 
The  Wellcome  Research  Laboratory  shows  the  many  beautiful 
products  isolated  from  plants  under  Professor  Power's  direction. 
The  exhibit  is  very  tasty  and  elegant  in  appearance.  Hundreds  of 
compounds  in  small  watch-glasses  and  vials  show  what  has  been 
accomplished  in  the  last  few  years  by  this  enterprising  firm  of 
Borroughs,  Wellcome  &  Co.  Both  Professor  Power  and  Mr.  Well- 
come were  students  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  and 
Americans. 
France  got  here  a  little  late,  and  as  a  result  is  somewhat  behind 
in  its  installation ;  but,  from  what  I  can  see,  will  have  an  elegant 
display  of  pharmaceuticals  and  chemicals.  Poullenc  Freres,  of 
Paris,  show  finely  crystallized  samples  of  potassium  iodide,  iodoform, 
sulphates  of  nickel,  etc.  Over  a  pound  of  metallic  lithium  in  sticks, 
boron  and  silicon  crystallized,  a  calcium-aluminium  alloy  of  silvery 
appearance  are  among  the  more  uncommon  in  this  exhibit — the 
only  one  installed  at  this  writing. 
The  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works  are  located  near  the  British 
chemists,  and  make  a  very  fine  showing.  The  morphine,  ether 
and  cocaine,  for  which  the  firm  is  noted,  find  prominent  places  in 
