Am.  Jour.  Pbarra.") 
September,  1904.  / 
Anatomy  of  Edible  Berries. 
431 
On  the  surface,  the  receptacle  has  a  tufted  appearance,  due  to  the 
somewhat  regularly  arranged  depressions  occupied  by  the  achenes. 
The  epidermis  is  sparingly  pubescent. 
The  achenes  are  ovate,  pointed,  about  I  millimeter  long  {Fig.  z, 
II  and  III).  Each  is  attached  to  the  receptacle  a  little  above  its 
base,  and  contains  a  single  anatropous  seed,  which  is  described  as 
"  exalbuminous,"  since  the  endosperm  is  not  evident  under  the  simple 
lens.  The  style  (about  2  millimeters  long)  arises  from  the  ventral 
side  a  little  above  the  point  of  attachment. 
The  pericarp  is  hard  and  comparatively  thick ;  the  testa  soft  and 
thin;  the  embryo  minute  (Fig.  1,  IV).  When  the  fruit  reaches 
maturity  the  calyx  is  still  green  and  leaf-like,  and  the  stamens  are 
Fig;  2. — Strawberry  receptacle  in  surface  view.  Ep,  epidermis  with  h,  hair 
and  sto,  stoma;  hy,  hypoderm  ;  k,  klucoside  (?)  crystals.    X  160. 
also  well  preserved.  The  calyx,  the  stamens  and  a  portion  of  the 
pith  are  removed  in  preparing  the  fruit  for  the  table. 
Histology. — Kraus,1  in  1866,  noted  the  general  microscopic  struc- 
ture of  the  pericarp,  and  Tschierske,2  in  1886,  made  an  exhaustive 
study  of  the  structure  and  development  of  the  pericarp,  endosperm, 
receptacle  and  style.  Neither  author  describes  the  structure  of  the 
testa.    Blyth 3  gives  the  shape  and  dimensions  of  the  achenes  and 
^eber  den  Bau  trockner  Pericarpien.    Pringsheim  Jahrbiicher,  5,  83-126. 
2  Beitrage  zur  vegleichenden  Anatomie  und  Entwicklungsgeschichte  einiger 
Dryadeenfriichte.    Ztschr.  f.  Naturwissenschaft,  59,  594-600. 
3  Foods  :  Their  Composition  and  Analysis,  London,  1896,  161. 
>1 
ep 
