Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
September,  1904.  J 
Anatomy  of  Edible  Berries, 
433 
(4)  Bundles.— Spiral  and  annular  vessels  from  0005  to  o-oio 
millimeter  in  diameter,  and  thin-walled,  elongated  cells,  are  the  con- 
spicuous elements  of  the  bundles. 
(5)  Pith. — Large  berries  often  contain  large  intercellular  spaces  or 
cavities  in  the  pith,  formed  by  the  tearing  asunder  of  the  cells  dur- 
ing the  rapid  growth. 
Pericarp. — (1)  Epicarp  {Fig.  3,  epi) — Seen  in  surface  view,  the 
cells  are  polygonal,  0  015  to  0-05  millimeter  in  diameter,  with  thin 
walls;  but  in  transverse-or  longitudinal  section,  they  are  rectangular 
and  about  0-02  millimeters  thick.  The  cuticle  is  several  times  as 
thick  as  the  radial  walls  of  the  cells. 
Fig.  3. — Strawberry  achene  in  transverse  section.  F,  pericarp  consisting  of 
epi,  epicarp,  mes,  mesocarp,  sp,  spiral  vessels,  k,  crystal  layer,  If,  outer  endo- 
carp  with  longitudinally  extended  fibres,  and  qf,  inner  endocarp  with  trans- 
versely extended  fibres  ;  S,  testa  consisting  of  ep,  epidermis  with  reticulated 
cells,  br,  elongated  brown  cells  ;  N,  hyaline  layer  (nucellus)  ;  E,  endosperm 
consisting  of  a  single  layer  of  aleurone  cells.    X  300. 
(2)  Mesocarp  {Fig.  jf  mes).  This  layer  is  strikingly  different  from 
the  mesocarp  of  most  edible  fruits  in  that  it  is  not  succulent,  and 
consists  of  only  one,  or  in  some  parts  two,  cell  layers.  In  cross 
section  the  cells  have  much  the  same  appearance  as  the  epidermis 
cells,  but  usually  have  smaller  dimensions.  On  the  inner  side  are 
numerous  bundles,  the  branches  of  which  run  transversely  about 
the  achene. 
(3)  Crystal  Layer  (Fig.  j,  k). — Kraus  described  this  layer  as  made 
up  of  two  cell  layers ;  Tschierske,  however,  pointed  out  that  it  is  in 
most  cases  made  up  of  but  one.   The  cells  are  polygonal  isodiametric, 
