Am  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
September,  1904.  J 
Progress  in  Pharmacy. 
441 
The  writer  finds  that  the  walls  of  these  fibers  are  made  up  of  two 
thickened  layers,  an  outer  or  secondary  membrane  and  an  inner  or 
tertiary  membrane,  the  two  differing  greatly  from  each  other  in  their 
refractive  power  and  their  deportment  toward  reagents.  As  the 
middle  lamella  is  inconspicuous,  the  double  outer  membranes  in 
transverse  sections  form  a  net-work  like  that  of  ordinary  thick- walled 
polygonal  cells.  The  thickness  of  this  double  outer  membrane  is 
about  the  same  as  the  thickness  of  the  inner  membrane  and  the 
diameter  of  the  cell  lumen.  Zinc  chloride  iodine  stains  the  outer 
membrane  yellow,  the  inner  blue ;  and  safranin  also  serves  to  differ- 
entiate the  two  layers.  In  longitudinal  section  numerous  pores 
passing  through  both  membranes  are  evident.  This  interesting 
structure  of  the  raspberry  fibers,  similar  to  that  of  the  bast  fibers  of 
various  plants,1  appears  to  have  escaped  the  attention  of  investi- 
gators. 
(5)  Inner  Endocarp  {Fig.  7,  F1,  Fig.  <?,.  qf). — The  fibers  of  this 
coat,  of  which  there  are  four  or  more  thicknesses,  are  the  same  as  in 
the  outer  endocarp,  but  run  transversely  about  the  fruit. 
[  To  he  continued.  ~\ 
PROGRESS  IN  PHARMACY. 
A  QUARTERLY  REVIEW  OF  SOME  OF  THE  LITERATURE  RELATING 
TO  PHARMACY  AND  MATERIA  MEDICA. 
BY  M.  I.  WlIyBERT, 
Apothecary  at  the  German  Hospital,  Philadelphia. 
Not  for  many  years  has  there  been  so  much  evidence  of  concerted, 
as  well  as  individual,  effort  to  improve  the  status  of  pharmacy  in 
English  speaking  countries,  as  at  the  present  time. 
In  our  own  country  the  adoption  of  the  prerequisite  law,  by  the 
State  of  New  York,  is  probably  the  event  of  greatest  moment.  This 
law  carries  with  it  not  alone  the  requirement  of  graduation  from  a 
college  of  pharmacy,  but  also  requires  a  certain  amount  of  prelimi- 
nary education  on  the  part  of  the  applicant.  While  it  is  true  that 
this  latter  requirement  has  been  made  comparatively  low,  it  will, 
nevertheless,  compel  colleges  of  pharmacy  who  expect  to  draw 
students  from  New  York  State,  or  whose  students  expect  to  come 
up  for  the  examinations  of  the  New  York  State  Board  of  Pharmacy, 
to  institute  entrance  examinations  that  will  correspond  to  the  pro- 
1  See  Tschirch,  Angewandte  Pflanzenanatomie,  1889,  pp.  189-190. 
