470 
Pharmacy  and  Chemistry. 
f  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
I     October.  1904. 
Wheat,  hair  and  cuticle,  nails,  peas,  muscular  and  nerve  tissue 
and  many  other  substances  of  animal  and  vegetable  origin  tested  by 
Gautier  were  found  to  contain  arsenic.  An  excellent  method  of 
destroying  organic  tissue  was  devised  by  him ;  it  consists  in  alter- 
nately warming  the  material  with  concentrated  nitric  and  sulphuric 
acids  under  the  hood.  Some  thirty  test  capillary  tubes  showing 
arsenic  are  exhibited.  I  copied  :  Six  egg  membranes  weighing  five 
grammes  showed  only  one  thousandth  of  a  milligramme  of  arsenic, 
which  is  a  trifle  more  than  the  one  hundred  thousandth  of  a  grain  ! 
One  hundred  grammes  of  muscle  (beef)  showed  one  thousandth  of  a 
milligramme ;  one  quart  of  beer  only  one-fifth  of  one  thousandth  of 
a  milligramme.  You  may  wonder  how  he  determines  such  minute 
quantities ;  it  is  by  comparing  the  deposit  made  with  test  samples 
in  which  minimal  but  accurately  known  quantities  were  introduced 
into  the  generator  and  comparing  the  deposit  with  such  standards. 
The  percentage  in  cuticle,  hair  and  nails  is  greatest  normally;  so 
he  concludes  that  arsenic  is  essential  for  the  growth  of  these  tissues. 
From  Southern  France,  the  land  of  fragrant  and  delicate  flowers, 
we  see  volatile  oils,  pomades  and  extracts.  France  is  the  home  and 
center  of  the  perfumery  industry.  Not  only  does  it  produce  the 
most  delicate  of  odors  by  enfleurage  from  the  fragrant  blossoms, 
but  also  innumerable  synthetic  perfumes  in  the  French  chemist's 
labotatory. 
Hughes  Aine  has  an  exceedingly  tasty  display  of  the  natural 
odors.  He  shows  beautiful  imitation  flowers  twining  about  the  jars 
containing  their  odor.  Thus  are  displayed  the  rose,  violet,  tuberose, 
orange  blossom,  pomade  extracts. 
Chiris  also  has  a  very  large  case  devoted  to  these  products. 
Copper  containers  for  volatile  oils  take  up  the  corners  of  the  display. 
Kilo  pomade  tins  are  placed  at  the  base  of  the  shelving,  and  contain 
jasmin,  rose,  tuberose  and  other  products.  Above  are  the  extracts 
and  volatile  oils  shown  in  vitro.  Beautiful  samples  of  cassie  flow- 
ers, gum  benzoin,  castoreum,  coumarine,  together  with  the  two 
large  horns  of  civet  and  the  six  tonquin  musk  boxes,  give  us  some 
insight  of  the  perfumer's  prime  materials. 
M.  Charabot  has  a  separate  case  devoted  to  some  100  samples  of 
synthetic  perfumes.  Facing  the  British  chemists  on  the  outer  aisle 
is  the  extended  display  of  J.  Dupont.  Large  bottles  of  synthetics 
such  as  Muse.  S.,  Rubeol,  Rhodenol,  Heliotropin  and  the  various 
