82 
VARIETIES. 
saccharine liquor ; 2. Its density after having been saturated with lime; 3, 
The quantities of lime and of sugar contained in 100 parts of residue yielded 
by evaporation to dryness of each of these solutions. This residue was dried 
at 248° F. The densities were taken with the utmost accuracy by means of 
a specific gravity bottle : — 
Density of Sac- 
Density of 
100 Paris of the Dry Residue 
Sugar in 100 
charine Solu- 
Liquid when 
contain 
Parts Water. 
tion 
saturated with 
Of Lime, 
Of Sugar, 
40. 
1.122 
1.179 
21. 
79. 
37.5 
1.116 
1.175 
20.8 
79.2 
35.0 
1.110 
1.166 
20.5 
79.5 
32.5 
1.103 
1.159 
20.3 
79.7 
30.0 
1.096 
1.148 
20.1 
79.9 
27.5 
1.089 
1.139 
19.9 
80.1 
25.0 
1.082 
1.128 
19.8 
80.2 
22.5 
1.075 
1.116 
19.3 
80.7 
20.0 
1.068 
1.104 
18.8 
. 81.2 
17.5 
1.060 
1.092 
18.7 
81.3 
15.0 
1 052 
1.080 
18.5 
81.5 
12.5 
1.044 
1,067 
18.3 
81.7 
10. 
1.036 
1.053 
18.1 
81.9 
7.5 
1.027 
1.040 
16.9 
83.1 
5.0 
1.018 
1.026 
15.3 
84.7 
2.5 
1.009 
1.014 
13.8 
86.2 
Formation of Sulphuric Ether by Chloride of Zinc. — Fused chloride of 
zinc is soluble in hot highly rectified spirit of wine, and if the solution of 
it be distilled, it gradually acquires the smell of sulphuric ether, and a 
specific weight of 0.796. The more concentrated this alcholic solution 
becomes, and the more the temperature increases by continued distillation, 
the more distinctly the formation of sulphuric ether takes place ; and the 
cause of its generation is, that at a certain temperature the affinity of the 
chlorine in the chloride of zinc for the hydrogen, and of the zinc for the 
oxygen, of the spirit of wine, increases to such a degree, that decomposition 
takes place. We find, therefore, in the distillate, besides spirit of wine and 
ether, also a small quantity of muriatic acid, and in the residue free oxide 
of zinc. As chloride of zinc consists of one equivalent of chlorine and one 
equivalent of zinc, the alcohol must have lost hydrogen and oxygen in the 
same proportion as the latter form water ; the ether must, therefore, neces- 
sarily be alcohol minus HO. This does, however, not prove that alcohol is 
a hydrate of ether, i. e., that the water is contained in it ready formed as 
such ; on the contrary, it can be shown that alcohol is a simple organic 
substance. Chloride of zinc, distilled with water, lets the water pass over 
without decomposition, neither muriatic acid nor oxide of zinc being gene- 
_ated. It is, therefore, clear, that, if oxygen and hydrogen are once com- 
