COMBINATIONS OF THE ALKALOIDS WITH TARTARIC ACID. 
157 
without decomposition. At 266°-2-93°, it lost 1.5 per cent, of 
water, and did not effloresce. It appears to be anhydrous. 
When tartaric acid is neutralized with quinine, only a gum-like 
mass is obtained on evaporation. If the acid is in excess, an acid 
salt crystallizes from the thick mother-liquor, which, owing to its 
ready solubility, could not be separated for closer examination. 
The solution has an acid and bitter taste, and exhibits a blue and 
red opalescence. When heated, the salt melts, turns yellow, and 
becomes resinous. The above formula requires 81.2 per cent, of 
quinine. Laurent's formula, C 58 H 22 N* 0\ being admitted as cor- 
rect, and the salt supposed to be neutral =--C 38 H 22 N 2 4 ,HO, C 4 
H 2 O 5 , requires 80*52 per cent. Potash separated from a solution 
of the salt 79 per cent of quinine; and as it was found that the 
potash dissolves some quinine, the author concludes that the first 
formula is most correct. 
Tartrate of Cinchonine, C 20 H 2 NO" 2 , HO, C 4 H 2 5 + C 2j H ia 
N0 2 + 2HO. — Free tartaric acid behaves in the same manner to 
cinchonine as to quinine. On neutralizing bitartrate of potash 
with cinchonine, which dissolves readily and in abundance, there 
is formed, on cooling or evaporation, a considerable number of 
tolerably large acicular crystals, grouped in fascicles. They are 
very sparingly soluble in water, not altered in the air, and do not 
part with their water of crystallization below 212°-248°. In the 
anhydrous state, they exhibit electrical polarity, like the salt of 
morphine, only weaker. The whole of the cinchonine can be 
precipitated from its solution by potash. The air-dried salt lost 
up to 248°-257°, 4*69 and 4*62 per cent of water, and nothing 
more then up to 356°, at which temperature it begins to decom- 
pose. The above formula requires 4'49 per cent, of water. Lau- 
rent's formula, C 38 H 22 N- O 3 , requires 4*65, admitting the salt to 
be C S8 H 22 N 2 O 2 , HO, C 4 H 2 0''+ 2HO. 
Tartrate of potash forms no double salts with the alkaloids. — 
Journ.fur Prakt. Chem^Vi. p. 331. 
14 
