254 
ON THE STEARIC CANDLE MANUFACTURE. 
commenced on a large scale at their works in 1844, two years be- 
fore the opening of the factory of Messrs. Masse and Tribouillet, 
the first established for this purpose on the Continent. Arsenic 
and wax were originally used by Price and Company to destroy 
the large crystals which were formed in their earlier candles, and 
which disfigured their exterior; but by pouring the stearic acid 
into the moulds at its congealing point, instead of at a high tem- 
perature, it was found that the crystals were no longer formed. 
Six kinds of candles are made at the Belmont works: — 1. Bel- 
mont sperm ; of hot-pressed palm acid. 2. Belmont wax ; the 
same material, but colored with gamboge (to suit the refined pre- 
judices of the home consumers.) 3. Best composite ; of the same 
material as 1 and 2, but mixed with cocoa-nut stearine. 4, 5 and 
6. Composite 1, 2, 3, of inferior quality. The machinery for 
making the candles was shown and explained ; and as an example 
of the very large scale of the operations of the Company, it was 
stated that 800 miles of wick are continually being converted into 
candles. — London Chem. Gaz.,from Literary Gaz. 
ON THE PRODUCTION OF CHLOROFORM FROM CHLORIDE OF 
LIME AND THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF TURPENTINE. 
By J. Chautard. 
On mixing intimately in a retort 600 parts of water, 200 
parts of chloride of lime and 25 of oil of turpentine, and 
submitting the mixture to distillation, a violent reaction oc- 
curs, and at the same time a very agreeable etherial odor is 
manifested. A large quantity of carbonic acid gas is disen- 
gaged, which, as it causes the matter to froth, necessitates 
the employment of large vessels. On removing the retort 
from the fire as soon as the mixture begins to rise, the operation 
goes on well, and continues of itself to the end. The receiver 
contains three layers, frequently intermixed. The first consists 
of essential oil, which appears to have escaped the reaction ; 
the lower one is an etherial liquid, with the odor of chloro- 
form ; the intermediate layer consists of water, holding in solu- 
