ON THREE KINDS OF QUININE. 
263 
in ether, there also remains after the evaporation a resinous sub- 
stance, but in which these crystals cannot be discovered. 
According to Martiny and Liebig, common quinine is obtained 
in crystals from an ammonical liquid. These are most easily pro- 
cured when ammonia in excess is added to a solution of the neutral 
sulphate of a quinine, and of the sulphate of quinine with three 
atoms of water, and the mixure set aside. After some time very 
fine acicular crystals appear on the surface, which can be isolated 
only with difficulty, and when washed and dried form an amor- 
phous powder. But from absolute alcohol these crystals no more 
crystallize than does amorphous quinine. 
If, however, recently-precipitated quinine, after having been 
carefully washed and repeatedly moistened, be spread out as thinly 
as possible and exposed to the air, the amorphous precipitate is 
gradually converted into crystals, which can be as easily recrystal- 
lized from absolute alcohol as quinine. 
This amorphous precipitate, however, which is the third hydrate 
of quinine, loses during crystallization two equivalents of water, 
and possesses now, like the first hydrate of quinine, the property 
of being much less soluble in spirit of wine, and of crystallizing 
out of the hot alcoholic solution by cooling. This quinine recrys- 
tallized from alcohol and procured, as described above, by precipi- 
tation from the common sulphate of quinine by ammonia, loses, 
when moistened with ammonia, and exposed for a few days to the 
air at 130° Cent., five per cent of water. 
Quinine . . 94.935 . . 1=2025.0 94.8 
Water . . 5.065 . . 1= 112.5 5.2 
100.000 2137.5 100.0 
It follows, therefore, that there are three kinds of quinine which 
are quite distinct the one from the other, and show their peculiarity 
also in their salts, namely — 
a quinine, which loses at 130° C, 14.3 per cent, water _, 3 eq. 
quinine, which loses at 130° C, 10.8 per cent, water == 2 eq. 
y quinine, which loses at 130° C, 5.2 per cent, water = 1 eq. 
The y quinine forms like the a and quinine, basic and neutral 
salts, which easily crystallize, and have much similarity with those 
of & quinine. The basic sulphate of this alkaloid contains much 
