68  THE  LEAVES  OF  ARCTOSTAPHYLOS  UTA-URSI. 
bromine  of  the  American  Potashes?  In  connection  with  this  subject  it  will 
be  an  interesting  point  of  research  to  seek  for  bromine  in  commercial  salt 
from  our  salt  springs,  as  well  as  in  the  sait  manufactured  from  sea  water. 
— Editor  Amer.  Jour.  Pharm.] 
ON  THE  LEAVES  OF  ARCTOSTAPHYLOS  UVA-URSI. 
By  A.  Kawalier. 
The  following  observations  on  tbe  leaves  of  Arctostaphylos  Uva- 
Ursi  contain  the  results  of  experiments  performed  by  Kawalier,  in 
the  laboratory  of  F.  Rochlecler. 
The  watery  decoction  of  the  leaves  yields  with  a  solution  of  su- 
gar of  lead  a  precipitate,  which  consists  of  nearly  pure  gallate  of 
lead.  The  liquid  filtered  from  the  lead  was  distilled  in  a  retort  to 
the  consistency  of  a  syrup,  and  a  small  quantity  of  precipitated 
salt  of  lead  removed  by  filtration.  The  filtrate  was  then  deprived 
of  the  lead  by  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  and  evaporated  at  a  heat 
below  the  boiling  point.  After  a  few  days  a  substance  known  by 
the  name  of  arbutin  crystallized  from  it  in  the  form  of  needles. 
Purified  by  recrystallization  it  is  in  long,  thin,  colorless,  bitter 
prisms,  which  dissolve  in  alcohol,  in  ether,  and  in  water,  fuse  when 
heated,  and  solidify  into  an  amorphous  mass.  In  the  air-dried 
condition  the  crystals  of  arbutin  were  composed  of  C23  H24  02, 
When  dried  at  100°C,  the  formula  is  C,2  H22  Oi9)  the  crystals  retain- 
ing theit  shape  unaltered.  Dissolved  in  water  with  emulsin  they  be- 
come decomposed.  Tf  the  liquid  be  evaporated  and  the  residue  treated 
with  ether,  a  substance  is  dissolved  by  the  latter,  which,  when  the 
ether  is  removed  by  evaporation,  remains  behind  in  a  crystallized 
state.  This  is  arctuvin.  This  residue  treated  by  ether  contains 
grape-sugar,  which  is  separated  from  the  emulsin  by  alcohol,  and 
purified  by  recrystallization  from  water.  The  formula  of  arctuvin 
is  Cao  H10  07  Air-dried  arbutin  =  C20  Hl0  07  +  Cj  H14  014  =  CJ3 
Hu  0.2U    Arbutin  dried  at  100°  C.  =  C,0  H)ft  Or  +  CJ2  HI2  Ol2. 
The  arctuvin  can  be  obtained  by  recrystallizing  it  from  spirit  of 
wine  and  water,  and  treating  the  solution  with  animal  charcoal 
in  the  form  of  four-sided,  colorless,  bitter  sweet  acicular  crystals, 
of  four  to  six  inches  in  length  and  two  to  three  inches  in  width. 
From  diluted  aqueous  solutions,  which  have  not  been  completely 
