OZONIZATION   OF   OILS   OF    LEMON  AND  TURPENTINE. 
547 
likewise  gives  tactions  with  acids,  bases,  and  salts,  in  a  manner 
resembling  the  conjugate  acids.  Hennig  considers  that  the  red  co- 
loring matter  of  kino  originally  existed  in  a  colorless  state,  com- 
bined with  the  tannic  acid,  and  that  during  its  subsequent  altera- 
tion by  the  air,  in  consequence  of  the  absorption  of  oxygen,  the 
state  of  combination  is  not  destroyed,  but  continues,  perhaps,  even 
until  the  formation  of  uhnin  has  taken  place. 
The  presence  of  pectin  in  kino  has  already  been  conjectured  by 
Pereira.  He  considers  "  that  kino  consists  principally  of  a  pecu- 
liar substance  (eucalyptin)  analogous  somewhat  to  pectin  and  tan- 
nic acid,"  and  he  infers  this  especially  from  its  behavior  with  al- 
kalies and  the  precipitate  formed  with  lime  water.  Still  this  pre- 
cipitate could  not  be  obtained  with  African  kino,  which  is  not  the 
produce  of  Eucalyptus  resinifera.  The  vegetable  gelatine  is  the 
cause  of  the  kino  swelling  in  water  and  alcohol,  and  gives  rise  to 
the  formation  of  the  substance  deposited  from  solutions  of  kino, 
even  when  the  air  is  excluded,  and  gradually  becoming  more  inso- 
luble on  further  treatment  with  indifferent  menstrua.  It  is  this 
circumstance  which  has  led  to  the  opinion  that  kino  is  a  gum,  al- 
though no  one  has  ever  obtained  from  it  a  substance  soluble  in 
water  and  precipitable  by  alcohol.  But  the  pectin,  in  its  combi- 
nations with  earthy  bases,  or  with  tannic  acid,  must  behave  in  a 
very  variable  manner  with  reagents,  unless  indeed  we  must  as- 
cribe to  the  difficultly  removable  kinoic  acid  (Vauquelin  obtained 
only  a  red  gum)  at  least  such  an  influence  upon  the  pectin  that  it 
separates  so  quickly  from  cold  water,  but  is  then  dissolved  by  al- 
cohol as  well  as  by  hot  water.  —Pharm.  Jour.  Aug.  1853,  from 
At  chip,  der  Pharmacie,  Febuary,  1853. 
NOTE  ON  THE  OZONIZATION  OF  THE  OILS  OF  LEMON  AND 
TURPENTINE. 
By  C.  Greyille  Williams. 
In  the  Philosophical  Magazine  for  June  there  was  a  short  letter 
addressed  to  the  Editors  by  me,  "On  a  Method  of  distinguishing 
the  Volatile  Oils  of  the  Series  C5  H4." 
Since  that  time  I  have  made  several  experiments  on  the  oils  of 
turpentine  and  lemons,  the  results  of  which,  I  am  in  hopes,  are 
likely  to  lead  to  a  more  complete  investigation  of  this  part  of  or- 
ganic chemistry. 
