^\pr'n;f882™'}  Emulsions.  183 
containing  vessel  with  difficulty ;  hence  the  necessity  of  using  one  with 
a  wide  mouth,  which  should  be  as  securely  stoppered  as  possible,  and 
should  be  cleaned  very  carefully  each  time  it  is  refilled.  All  this 
takes  time  and  involves  trouble,  which  is  prevented  by  preparing  the 
concentrated  emulsion  only  as  required. 
II.  Simple  Emulsion  of  Codliver  Oil.  Take  of  concentrated  emul- 
sion of  codliver  oil  thirteen  (13)  troyounces;  oil  of  wintergreen, 
twenty-four  (24)  drops ;  syrup,  one  (1)  fluidounce ;  water,  three  (3) 
fluidounces.  Weigh  the  concentrated  emulsion  into  a  mortar,  add 
the  oil  of  wintergreen,  and  triturate  thoroughly ;  then  gradually  add 
first  the  water  and  then  the  syrup. 
The  manipulation  for  this  emulsion  is  typical  for  all  the  other  cod- 
liver oil  emulsions  given  below.  It  has  the  consistence  of  very  thick 
cream,  but  is  readily  poured  out  of  narrow-mouthed  bottles,  is  milky 
white,  and  mixes  readily  with  water  or  other  liquids  that  may  be  admin- 
istered with  it.  It  contains  exactly  fifty  per  cent,  (by  volume)  of  oil^ 
the  quantity  that  manufactured  emulsions  are  said  to  contain,  although 
I  have  convinced  myself  that  some  of  them  do  not  contain  that  pro- 
portion. The  oil  of  wintergreen  disguises  the  odor  of  the  codliver 
oil  very  admirably,  and  has  the  further  advantage  that  it  acts  as  a 
preservative. 
•  III.  Emulsion  of  Codliver  Oil  with  Hypophosphite  of  Lime.  This 
differs  from  the  simple  emulsion  in  that  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight 
grains  of  hypophosphite  of  calcium  are  dissolved  in  the  water,  each 
tablespoonful  of  the  finished  emulsion  containing  four  grains  of  that 
salt. 
IV.  Emulsion  of  Codliver  Oil  with  Hypophosphite  of  Lime  and 
Soda.  This  differs  from  the  simple  emulsion  in  that  one  hundred  and 
twenty-eight  grains  of  hypophosphite  of  calcium  and  ninety-six  grains- 
of  hypophosphite  of  sodium  are  dissolved  in  the  water,  each  table- 
spoonful  of  the  finished  emulsion  containing  four  grains  of  the  calcium 
and  three  grains  of  the  sodium  salt. 
V.  Emulsion  of  Codliver  Oil  ivith  Hypophosphites.  This  differs 
from  the  simple  emulsion  in  that  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  grains 
of  hypophosphite  of  calcium,  ninety-six  grains  hypoposphite  of  sodium^ 
and  sixty-four  grains  of  hypophosphite  of  potassium  are  dissolved  in 
the  water  ;  each  tablespoonful  containing  four  grains  of  the  calcium, 
three  grains  of  the  sodium,  and  two  grains  of  the  potassium  salt,  and 
