420 
Modern  Pint i-indcenticdl  StiicJi/. 
f  Am.Jour.Pharm^ 
\     August,  1882. 
with  air  ozonized  bv  the  electric  discliarge.  The  bulb  being  broken, 
the  vapor  of  the  chloroform,  in  contact  with  the  ozonized  air,  was 
changed  into  oxy chloride  of  carbon. 
(4)  In  presence  of  atmospheric  oxygen,  therefore,  chloroform  is 
decomposed  by  the  passage  of  the  spark  or  the  current.  Further,  the 
production  of  phosgene  is  independent  of  the  thermic  and  electric  phe- 
nomena of  the  first  two  experiments,  since  it  takes  place  upon  simple 
contact  of  the  vapor  of  chloroform  with  ozonized  air. 
(5)  If  a  current  of  nitrogen  entirely  free  from  oxygen  and  mixed 
with  vapor  of  chloroform  be  passed  through  an  effluve  apparatus,  the 
chloroform  is  decomposed  ;  but  in  the  absence  of  oxygen  no  oxychloride 
of  carbon  is  formed.  The  formation  of  hydrochloric  acid  is  evident, 
as  well  as  of  aromatic  products  remarkable  for  their  intense  and  per- 
sistent odor  which  recall  in  a  high  degree  those  of  several  essential 
oils.  The  authors  have  since  identified  these  odorous  compounds  with 
the  trichloride  of  carbon  (CgClg)  or  the  sesquichloride  (C^Clg). — Phar. 
Jour,  and  Trans.,  June  17,  1882 ;  Journal  de  Pliarmaoie  et  de  Chimie 
[5],  V.  504.   
SOME  REMARKS  UPON  MODERN  PHARMACEUTICAL 
STUDY. 
By  H.  J.  MoLLER. 
(Continued  from  page  323.) 
Switzerland. 
While,  in  the  middle  ages  and  the  few  following  centuries,  the  science 
of  pharmacy  in  Switzerland  was  develoi:>ed  nearly  up  to  the  Oerman 
requirements,  in  later  years,  French  influence,  starting  from  Geneva,  has 
modified  Swiss  i^harmacy,  and  has  extended  itself  more  and  more  towards 
%  the  northeast.  For  example,  when  in  the  summer  of  1880,  I  crossed 
Switzerland  on  my  journey  from  Vienna  to  Strassburg,  I  had  full  oi)por- 
tunity  to  observe  that  the  pharmacies  in  Geneva  were  fitted  up  quite  like 
those  in  Paris,  while  the  pharmacies  in  Basel  and  Berne  had  quire  the 
same  aspect  as  in  South  Germany. 
The  new  rules  for  pharmaceutical  study  in  Switzerland  tend  to  combine 
tliese  two  different  systems. 
The  Swiss  pharmacy  cannot  only  boast  of  possessing  the  greatest  phar- 
macologist^ of  the  present  day  amongst  its  sons,  but  Switzerland  still  pos- 
sesses pharmaceutists  with  such  enthusiasm  for  their  science  as  Professor 
E.  Schar  in  Zurich,  and  it  is,  therefore,  quite  natural  that  the  Swiss  i)har- 
macy  is  still  developing  itself,  and  that  the  new  plan  for  iDliarmaceutical 
study  will  raise  this  country  to  a  high  position  in  our  science. 
1  Professor  F.  A.  Fliickiger  was  from  1853  to  I860,  a  plwmaceutical  chemist  in  Burg- 
dortf,  at  Berne,  and  later  a  professor  at  the  university  at  the  last  mentioned  city.  He- 
first  went  to  Strassburg  in  the  year  1873. 
