^"''ocT\s82^'^'}     Glycerohorates  of  Cahimn  and  Sodium.  507 
even  the  musts,  are  placed  in  a  large  boiler  surmounted  by  a  rectifica- 
tion column  J  above  which  rises  a  condenser  surrounded  with  cold 
Avater,  which  condenses  the  less  volatile  products  so  that  they  run 
back  into  the  boiler.  The  vapor  not  condensed  here  passes  into  a  refrige- 
rator, surrounded  with  cold  water,  where  they  are  completely  con- 
densed. The  first  runnings  (^oilfe  de  tete)  are  collected  in  a  receiver 
next  comes  the  good  flavored  alcohol,  which  is  then  run  into  a  second 
boiler. 
The  first  still  is  connected  with  an  air  pump,  by  which  a  more  or 
less  complete  vacuum  can  be  produced,  and  the  temperature  thus  regu- 
lated. In  the  second  still  a  nearly  complete  vacuum  is  produced,  so 
that  the  temperature  falls  quickly.  The  vapor  which  issues  from  it 
consists  of  nearly  pure  nlcohol,  because  the  few  foreign  bodies  which 
pass  into  the  first  distillation  do  not  give  olf  vapor  at  the  temperatures,, 
varying  between  — 10°  and  5°  which  obtain  in  this  part  of  the  appa- 
ratus. 
The  vapor  of  alcohol  thus  purified  rises  into  a  second  rectification 
column,  terminated  by  a  refrigerator  cooled  by  liquid  sulphurous 
anhydride,  in  which  is  maintained  a  temperature  between  — 25°  and 
— 50°.  The  first  portion  is  collected  in  a  special  vessel  and  with- 
drawn ;  the  remainder  is  pure  alcohol. — Phar.  Jour,  and  Trans. ^. 
Aug.  5,  1882  ;  from  Journal  de  Pharmacie,  1882,  v,  480. 
Glycerohorates  of  calcium  and  sodium  are  recommended  by 
Le  Bon  as  antiseptics.  They  are  prepared  by  heating  together,  with 
constant  stirring,  equal  parts  of  borate  of  calcium  or  sodium  and  glycerin,, 
until  a  drop  removed  and  placed  on  a  glass  plate  forms  a  brittle  transpa- 
2>arent  pearl.  Upon  being  poured  out  to  cool  the  product  forms  a  trans- 
rent  glassy  mass,  soluble  in  alcohol  and  water,  a\  hich,  being  very  hygro- 
scopic, is  broken  into  fragments  and  kept  in  stoppered  bottles.  The 
glyceroborate  of  sodium  is  soluble  in  water  in  all  proportions,  and 
even  in  dilute  solution  is  said  to  be  a  powerful  antiseptic,  though  sO' 
non-irritating  that  a  concentrated  solution  may  be  applied  to  the  eye 
and  other  delicate  organs  without  inconvenience.  A  simple  coating  of 
meat  with  a  varnish  of  glyc^eroborate  is  said  to  be  sufficient  for  its- 
preservation.  The  similarity  of  these  bodies  to  another  recently  rc^fer- 
red  to  in  these  columns  is  obvious. — Phar.  Jour,  and  Trans.,  July  29. 
{Cf/mpf.  rend.,  xcv,  145). 
