Am.  Jour.  Pharm, "( 
Dec,  1882.  J 
Bullock^s  Bile. 
599 
HUFNEE'S  EEACTION  WITH  BULLOCK'S  BILE  AND 
SOME  PROPERTIES  OF  GLYCOCHOLIC  ACID. 
By  F.  Emich. 
While  preparing  glycocholic  acid  by  mixing  bile  witli  ether  and 
hydrochloric  acid  (Hiifner's  method),  the  author  observed  that  some 
biles  only  deposited  the  acid  after  several  days ;  he  has  therefore  fur- 
ther investigated  the  subject,  with  the  following  results.  Of  several 
samples  of  Graz  galls,  50  per  cent,  gave  the  reaction  in  the  first  hour, 
15  per  cent,  within  a  week,  while  the  remainder  did  not  show  it  at  all. 
From  an  examination  of  14  samples  he  infers  that — 1.  The  quantity 
of  glycocholic  acid  which  separates  out  is  inversely  as  the  time  of 
of  crystallization,  i.  e.,  the  quicker  the  crystallization  the  larger  the 
yield,  etc.  2.  Benzene  is  better  than  ether;  with  benzene  and  hydro- 
chloric acid  the  separation  takes  place  more  quickly,  is  more  copious, 
and  is  even  produced  in  those  biles  which  give  no  precipitate  with 
ether.  3.  Cow  bile  gives  crystals  more  frequently  than  ox  bile,  as 
Hiifner  has  already  remarked.  For  a  more  complete  examination  of 
the  biles  he  divides  them  into  two  classes ;  those  which  crystallize 
within  half  an  hour  he  calls  crystallizing  biles,''  and  those  which  do 
not  do  so  within  24  hours  are  called  "  non-crystallizing  biles."  In 
outward  appearance  and  density  they  are  alike.  The  following  are  the 
results  of  the  quantitative  examination  of  the  two  classes  of  bile  : 
Constituent. 
Crystal- 
lized 
bile. 
Non- 
crystal- 
lized 
bile. 
Remarks. 
Water  
Sodium  glycocholate. 
Sodium  taurocholate. 
92-44 
r  3-12 
1  3-00 
2-81 
0-24 
0-64 
■ 
91-42 
0-69 
5-40 
,0-22 
0-68 
Loss  at  105°C. 
Calculated  from  the  lead  salt  pre- 
cipitate. 
Calculated  from  Hiifner's  reaction 
precipitate. 
Calculated  from  sulphur  found. 
Alcoholic  extract,  less  ash  of  ext. 
From  ash  after  extraction  of  the 
bile  acid  salts. 
The  only  important  difference  between  the  two  classes  of  bile  is 
therefore  in  the  proportion  of  the  glycocliolic  and  taurocliolic  acids. 
The  author  therefore  assigns  as  a  reason  for  the  non-crystallizing  biles 
not  showing  Hiifner's  reaction  that  they  contain  no  more  or  very 
