Amlprnr  1887™  }  Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  205 
Professor  Maisch  said  such  uncertainty  came  from  the  difficulty  of  induc- 
ing men  who  had  become  accustomed  to  a  term,  to  change  it  to  a  more  ap- 
propriate one  and  thus  to  correct  their  habit;  this  he  said  was  illustrated  by 
the  confusion  which  for  a  long  time  existed  in  the  chemical  literature  of  the 
alkaloids  of  cinchona  bark.  Forty  years  ago  Winckler,  a  German  chemist, 
had  isolated  an  alkaloid  which  he  named  quinidine,  but  which  was  shown  by 
Pasteur  to  have  the  same  ultimate  composition  as  cinchonine  and  was 
named  cinchonidine  which  nomenclature  was  generally  adopted  by  French, 
English  and  American  chemists,  but  not  by  many  other  chemists  until  about 
ten  years  ago,  since  which  time  the  literature  on  cinchonidine  and  quini- 
dine was  not  as  confusing  as  during  the  preceding  thirty  years. 
Mr.  England  gave  an  account  of  the  treatment  of  consumptive  patients 
at  the  Philadelphia  Hospital  by  enemata  of  carbonic  acid  gas,  which  is  pre- 
pared by  decomposing  either  calcic  or  sodic  carbonate  with  sulphuric  acid, 
washing  it  through  a  solution  of  5  grains  each  of  calcium  sulphide  and 
sodic  chloride  in  a  pint  and  a-half  of  water,  and  collecting  the  gas  in  flat 
rubber  bags  ;  the  injection  is  directed  twice  daily.  The  results  are  so  striking 
as  to  demand  notice.  The  most  emaciated  patients  have  been  greatly  im- 
proved, appetite  and  strength  seems  to  return  and  the  patients  have  steadily 
improved.  Mr.  Robt.  England  stated  that  large  doses  of  tannin  had  been 
given  in  the  same  disease  and  with  good  results. 
The  pharmacy  law,  which  is  now  before  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania 
was  discussed  in  some  of  its  features.  While  prescribing  in  diseases  was 
considered  to  be  out  of  the  province  of  the  pharmacist,  it  was  stated  by  sev- 
eral of  those  present,  that  the  pharmacist  would  always  be  obliged  to  fur- 
nish simple  remedies  upon  the  application  of  customers. 
There  being  no  further  business  on  motion  adjourned. 
THOS.  S.  WIEGAND, 
  Registrar. 
PHARMACEUTICAL  COLLEGES  AND  ASSOCIATIONS 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. — The  preliminary  examinations  of  the 
Junior  Class  were  held  in  November  and  December  last,  and  passed  off 
satisfactorily.  The  following  questions  embrace  those  of  the  two  preliminary 
and  of  the  final  junior  examination,  which  latter  took  place  on  February  19th. 
BOTANY  AND  MATERIA  MEDICA. 
1.  — Explain  the  nature  of  a  living  cell,  and  of  its  contents.  Name  some  of  the 
cell  markings,  and  state  how  they  are  produced. 
2.  — Explain  the  nature  of  closed  and  of  open  fibrovascular  bundles.  In  wh  at 
plants  or  class  of  plants  is  each  kind  found,  and  in  what  manner  is  each  kind 
arranged  in  the  stems  of  these  plants  ? 
3.  — Explain  a)  the  growth  of  leaves,  b)  their  anatomical  structure,  and  c)  the 
different  forms  of  venation. 
4.  — Give  a  brief  history  of  the  development  of  stamens,  define  their  position  in 
the  flower,  and  name  for  each  variety  of  position  some  officinal  flowers  or 
herbs. 
