206  Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  {AmAprn?i887arm' 
5.  — Give  the  botanical  name,  the  habitat,  the  shape  of  the  leaves,  the  color 
of  the  flowers,  and  the  medical  properties  of  each  of  the  following  officinal 
herbs:  Thoroughvjort,  Grindelia,  Tansy  and  Wormwood. 
6.  — Give  the  botanical  characters  of  the  natural  order  of  Rosacese.  In  what 
respects  do  its  three  principal  Suborders  differ  ?  Mention  some  drugs  or  use- 
ful plants  from  each  of  these  Suborders. 
THEORY  AND  PRACTICE  OF  PHARMACY. 
1.  — Define  syecific  gravity  and  specific  volume,  and  give  the  specific  gravity  and 
specific  volume  of  the  officinal  liquid  which  weighs  647  grains  to  the  fluidounce, 
water  weighing  455.7  grains  at  the  same  temperature.  Show  all  of  the  figures 
used  in  making  the  calculation. 
2.  — Define  evaporation,  distillation  and  sublimation. 
3.  — Describe  a  method  of  filtering  through  paper  substances  which  are  solid  or 
semi-solid  at  ordinary  temperatures  and  which  require  the  constant  applica- 
tion of  heat  to  retain  them  in  a  liquid  condition ;  illustrate  the  subject  with  a 
drawing. 
4.  — Describe  the  process  of  decantation  and  illustrate  its  effectiveness  by  an 
example  showing  the  production  of  an  insoluble  salt  by  the  mixture  of  two 
simple  solution*. 
5.  — Give  the  process  for  making  Acidum  Nitrohydrochloricum,  U.S.P.  What 
are  its  properties  and  uses?  What  compound  is  produced  during  the  process, 
and  what  precautions  are  necessary  in  dispensing  the  Acid  ? 
6.  — How  would  you  prepare  hy  an  officinal  process,  an  antidote  to  poisoning 
with  Arsenic?   Describe  its  mode  of  action  upon  this  poison. 
CHEMISTRY. 
1.  — What  is  the  use  of  the  Barometer*!  Explain  the  principle  upon  which  it 
is  b  ised.    Why  is  mercury  used  rather  than  water  in  the  ordinary  barometer  ? 
2.  — What  is  the  action  of  a  glass  prism  upon  a  ray  of  white  light  passing  through 
it?  Enumerate  the  simple  colors  of  the  Spectrum.  What  is  the  Spectroscope, 
and  what  is  it  used  for  ? 
3.  —  How  are  binary  molecules  named  ?  Give  an  example,  Define  an  acid,  a 
base,  and  a  salt.    Are  haloid  salts  binary  or  ternary  molecules  ? 
4.  — Write  out  the  reactions  for  making  chlorine  by  the  two  methods  generally 
used.  For  what  element  has  chlorine  an  especial  affinity?  Give  illustrations. 
What  are  the  pharmaceutical  and  practical  uses  of  chlorine? 
5.  — What  is  the  difference  between  an  Acid  Sulphite  and  a  Neutral  Sul- 
phite ?  Illustrate  by  giving  the  formula  of  an  officinal  Salt  of  each  class.  How 
do  Thio-Sulphates  differ  in  formula  from  Sulphates  and  Sulphites?  Illustrate 
by  example,  using  officinal  Salts. 
6.  — Name  the  officinal  varieties  of  Carbon.  State  the  source  of  each  and 
mention  the  points  in  which  they  differ.  State  the  pharmaceutical  and  tech- 
nical uses  for  each  of  these  varieties. 
QUESTIONS  BY  THE  COMMITTEE. 
1. — Name  and  describe  five  implements  or  appliances  in  common  use  at  the 
prescription  counter.  Give  a  short  description,  and  an  explanation  of  the  use 
of  each. 
