Amsipt.ri887arm"}       Olive  Oil  and  its  Adulterations.  439 
1*30,  for  one  minute  and  the  resulting  color  observed,  after  one  min- 
ute ;  after  five  minutes  in  boiling  water ;  and  the  consistence  noted 
after  standing  from  12  to  18  hours  at  about  60  °F. 
Coloe.  Consistency. 
Pure 
1  Min. 
5  Min. 
Olive 
Oil 
Pale  Green 
Orange-Yellow 
Solid 
Cotton  Seed 
u 
Yel. -Brown 
Reddish-Yellow 
Smeary- 
Sesame 
u 
White 
Brownish-Yellow 
Liquid 
Peanut 
it 
Pale  Rose 
Solid 
Rapeseed 
il 
a  « 
Orange-Yellow 
olid 
Ricinus 
a 
a  « 
Golden-Yellow 
Smeary 
Mixtures  of  olive  oil  with  small  amounts  of  cotton-seed  and  sesame 
oil  are  distinguished  by  the  entire  mass,  though  at  first  more  darkly 
colored  and  solidifying  like  pure  olive  oil,  yielding  after  24  to  36  hours 
a  brown  oil  upon  the  surface  of  the  solidified  mass,  whilst  the  lower 
layer  shows  the  yellow  color  of  the  pure  olive  oil. 
Oils  which  have  been  treated  with  alkalies  show  the  same  reactions 
as  the  pure  oils.  The  meltiug  and  solidifying  points  of  olive  oil  are 
so  far  from  those  of  the  other  oils  that  adulteration  with  them,  to  the 
extent  usually  occurring  in  commerce,  can  be  readily  detected  by  no- 
ting the  melting  and  solidifying  points. 
The  following  are  simple  tests  for  the  most  common  adulterations  : 
Linseed  oil. — Dip  a  polished  copper  wire  into  a  mixture  of  2  c.c. 
nitric  acid  with  5  c.c.  of  the  oil ;  within  half  an  hour  the  wire  will 
have  turned  rose-red. 
Cotton-seed  oil. — A  mixture  of  solution  of  sub-acetate  of  lead  and 
pure  olive  oil  remains  homogenous,  and  the  color  is  very  little  altered. 
The  presence  of  even  a  small  quantity  of  cotton-seed  oil  turns  the 
color  red. 
Rape  oil. — Saponify  a  portion  of  the  oil  with  an  alcoholic  solu- 
tion of  potassa  and  stir  diligently  with  a  silver  spoon,  which  will  turn 
Mack.   The  solution  of  potassa  must  not  contain  sulphur. 
Sesame  oil. — Dissolve  a  piece  of  rock  candy  in  2  c.c.  hydrochloric 
acid,  sp.  gr.  1*15,  and  shake  well  with  5  c.c.  of  the  oil.  The  sepa- 
rated acid  is  colored  red. 
Antifibrin. — According  to  Prof.  Bartholow,  physiological  and  clinical 
observations  demonstrate  the  efficacy  of  antifibrin  in  (pilepsy,  where  there  is 
a  slow,  feeble  circulation,  as  seen  by  retinal  examinations.  Doses  of  gr.  iij 
ter  die  will  usually  suffice.-- Coll  and  Clin,  Bee,  July. 
