224      CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS  BY  SPECTRUM  OBSERVATIONS. 
be  liquefied  ;  and  if  this  liquid  sulphurous  acid  be  used — 50^  F. 
is  attainable,  and  when  liquefied  ammonia  is  used  as  the  cooling 
agent,  the  thermometer  indicates  —87°  which  is  sufficient  to 
liquefy  carbonic  acid  gas  under  the  ordinary  pressure. — Drug- 
gists Circular, 
Boettgers  method  of  bleaching  sponge. — The  softest  and  clean- 
est sponges  are  selected,  washed  and  squeezed  out  repeatedly  in 
water.  They  are  plunged  in  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  (1  part  of 
acid  and  6  parts  of  water),  in  order  to  separate  the  calcareous 
matters.  This  immersion  is  for  one  hour.  They  are  then  care- 
fully washed  and  plunged  into  a  second  bath  of  dilute  hydro- 
chloric acid  prepared  as  the  first,  except  that  there  is  added  6  per 
cent,  of  hyposulphite  of  soda  dissolved  in  a  little  water.  The 
sponges  are  sufi'ered  to  remain  in  this  bath  for  24  hours.  A 
final  washing  with  water  removes  the  chemical  substances,  and 
the  sponges  acquire  by  this  method  a  beautiful  whiteness. — 
Chemist  cmd  Druggist,  from  Bep.  de  Pharmacie. 
Breeding  of  Tapeworm. — Dr.  Butler,  (^Med.  and  Surg.  Re- 
porter, March  30,  1861),  states  that  Mr.  Kuchenmeister  has 
again  succeeded  in  demonstrating  that  the  Cysticercus  cellulosa 
becomes  metamorphosed  into  the  Tsenia  solium  of  man.  A  man 
under  sentence  of  death,  was  induced  to  eat  some  pork  contain- 
ing Cysticerci.  The  culprit  was  executed  on  March  31st,  1860  ; 
and  on  post  mortem  examination  one  half  of  the  Cysticerci 
swallowed  were  found  to  have  become  converted  into  flat  worms. 
Eleven  tape  worms,  with  perfectly  developed  joints,  were  found 
in  the  intestines,  the  largest  measuring  five  feet. 
PROFESSORS  BUNSEN  AND  KIRCHOFF'S  METHOD  OF  CHEMI- 
CAL ANALYSIS  BY  SPECTRUM  OBSERVATIONS. 
This  exquisite  method  of  qualitative  analysis  is  founded  on  the 
power  possessed  by  many  substances  of  developing  peculiar 
bright  lines  in  the  spectrum  of  a  flame  in  which  they  are  intro- 
duced. The  bright  lines  produced  in  this  manner  show  them- 
selves most  plainly  when  the  temperature  of  the  flame  is  highest 
and  its  illuminating  power  least :  hence  Bunsen's  gas-burner 
