ON  THE  PREPAKATION  OF  CHLOROFORM. 
423 
In  every  instance  the  quantity  of  chlorinated  lime  was  32  lbs. 
(Bavarian,)  of  water  60  maass,  and  of  alcohol  2J  maass.* 
Group  I. — The  chlorinated  lime  was  triturated  with  cold 
water,  the  alcohol  was  added,  the  joints  of  the  still  luted,  and 
heat  applied.  At  the  commencement  of  the  distillation  the  fire 
was  removed,  but  moderately  applied  again,  when  distillation 
ceased. 
Exp.  1. — The  fire  burned  rapidly  ;  distillation  began  in  30 
minutes  ;  the  chloroform  was  of  an  intense  greenish-yellow  color, 
and  became  hot,  spontaneously  evolving  much  gas  and  losing  its 
color.  Yield,  20  ounces,  or  3.3  percent,  of  the  weight  of  chlori- 
nated lime. 
Exp.  2. — Beginning  of  distillation  in  45  minutes  ;  chloroform 
greenish-yellow,  lighter  than  No.  1 ;  in  the  direct  sunlight  its 
temperature  rose  to  138<^  F.,  with  the  evolution  of  gas.  Yield, 
30  oz.  =z  5  per  ct. 
Exp.  3. — Distillation  commenced  in  58  minutes  :  its  first  dis- 
tillate was  deep  green  yellow,  afterwards  colorless;  the  mixture 
grew  warm  without  evolving  gas.    Yield,  32  oz.  =  5.3  per  ct. 
Group  II. — The  water  was  heated,  the  fire  removed,  the 
chlorinated  lime  carefully  stirred  in,  and  after  ascertaining  the 
temperature,  which  was  between  167  and  153.*^5F.,  the  alcohol 
was  added  and  mixed.  The  heat  rose  gradually;  distillation 
commenced  after  some  time,  and  the  chloroform  came  over  first 
in  drops,  afterwards  in  larger  quantities,  then  slower  again  ; 
after  it  ceased,  the  supernatant  stratum  of  the  distillate  was 
returned  into  the  still,  and  heat  applied  as  long  as  chloroform 
distilled  over. 
Exp.  4. — Temperature  of  the  mixture,  162.^5  F. ;  commence- 
ment of  distillation  in  20  minutes ;  the  chloroform  was  faintly 
greenish-yellow,  and  became  colorless  with  little  rise  of  tempe- 
rature.   Yield,  38|  oz.  =  6.4  per  cent. 
Exp.  5. — The  water  and  chlorinated  lime  were  heated  together 
to  167^  F.,  and  allowed  to  cool  to  156^  before  the  alcohol  was 
*A  Bavarian  maass,  —  43  cubic  inches,  contains,  at  17^  C,  35|  oz. 
distilled  water  ;  60  maass  water  =  2130  oz. ;  2\  m,  alcohol  of  .834  —  65.34 
oz.  1  oz.  Bavarian  medicinal  V7eight=30  grammes  :  1  lb.  med.  w,=360 
grms, :  1  lb.  Bav.  civil  weightz=i560  grms.z=:18  oz.  16  scrup.  medic,  weight. 
