412  The  Structure  of  the  Starch  Grain.  {As^SH^K£* 
almost  clear  reddish  brown  liquid  with  a  distinct  purplish  tint. 
Dr.  Lippincott  prescribes  the  fluidglycerate  to  be  used  as  a  rectal 
injection,  directing  two  teaspoonfuls  to  a  half  or  to  one  cup  of  water. 
He  reports  very  gratifying  results  both  in  private  practice  and  in 
hospital  experience. 
Dr.  James  P.  Tuttle,  professor  of  rectal  surgery  in  the  New  York 
Polyclinic  Medical  School,  in  a  "  Treatise  on  Diseases  of  the  Anus, 
Rectum  and  Pelvic  Colon,"  highly  recommends  in  the  treatment  of 
chronic  catarrhal  inflammation  of  the  rectum,  a  similar  preparation 
under  the  name  of  Aqueous  Fluidextract  of  Krameria.  In  this 
work  he  states  :  "  The  krameria  has  given  the  best  results,  and  gen- 
erally under  its  use  the  condition  rapidly  improves.  This  drug  as 
found  ordinarily  in  the  shops  is  absolutely  useless." 
The  formula  given  for  his  "  Aqueous  Fluidextract,"  while  not  stated 
with  the  exactness  of  description  of  manipulation  that  a  pharmacist 
would  use,  leaves  no  doubt  that  his  intent  was  a  preparation  identical 
with  my  "  fluidglycerate  "  as  prepared  by  the  above  formula.  He 
states:  "  This  can  be  mixed  freely  with  water  in  any  proportion  and 
throws  down  no  sediment ;  it  can  be  introduced  into  the  tenderest 
rectum  without  producing  irritation ;  it  is  an  astringent  and  appar- 
ently soothes  pain  and  reduces  inflammation.  For  irrigation  it  is 
used  in  strengths  of  from  2  to  30  per  cent.,  and  for  local  application 
it  may  be  used  pure." 
THE  STRUCTURE  OF  THE  STARCH  GRAIN.1 
Second  Paper.2 
By  Henry  Kraemer. 
In  a  previous  paper  (1)  on  the  structure  of  the  starch  grain,  I 
showed  that  the  peripheral  layer  of  the  potato  starch  grain  breaks 
and  recurves  on  treatment  with  certain  reagents,  much  like  the  cutin 
layer  of  an  epidermal  cell  on  treatment  with  sulfuric  acid.  While 
1  had  previously  observed  that  this  peripheral  layer  is  stained  with 
certain  ot  the  aniline  dyes,  I  thought  that  the  effect  might  probably 
be  due  to  the  remains  of  plastids  or  protoplasmic  material,  rather 
than  to  the  presence  of  a  distinct  membrane.    I  am  now  satisfied, 
1  Reprinted  from  the  Botanical  Gazette,  Vol.  XL,  October,  1905. 
'l  The  first  \  aper  was  published  in  this  Journal  for  May,  1907,  pp.  217-229'. 
