AroctoberS"m"}    Examination  of  Lippia  Scaberrima.  455 
1903,  71,  p.  186)  and  in  cascara  sagrada  {Proc.  Amer.  Pharm.  Assoc., 
1904,  52,  p.  299),  when  a  precisely  similar  color  was  observed  in 
every  case.  Furthermore,  it  was  ascertained  that  the  color  was 
produced  equally  well  in  the  absence  of  the  trace  of  rhamnose. 
Since  making  these  comparative  tests,  we  have  observed  that  similar 
experiments  have  been  conducted  by  Ottolenghi  (Atti  R.  Accad. 
Lincei,  1906  [V],  15,  i,  44-47,  and  Jour.  Chem.  Soc.  Abstr,  1906,  90, 
ii,  p.  311),  and  with  the  same  results.  This  test  must  therefore  be 
declared  valueless  as  a  means  of  distinguishing  between  cholesterol 
and  the  phytosterols. 
The  alkaline,  aqueous  liquid,  from  which  the  above-described 
alcohols  and  hydrocarbons  had  been  removed  by  means  of  ether,  was 
then  concentrated,  acidified  with  sulphuric  acid,  and  distilled  in 
steam.  The  distillate  contained  a  small  quantity  of  an  oily  acid, 
which  was  extracted  with  ether  and  converted  into  its  potassium 
salt,  and  from  the  latter  six  fractions  of  silver  salt  were  successively 
precipitated.  These  silver  salts  were  dried  in  a  vacuum,  and 
analyzed. 
1st  fraction, 
0*2703  gave 
0-1396  Ag. 
Ag 
=  5i-6 
2d 
0-3047  " 
0T585  Ag. 
Ag 
=  52-0 
3d 
0*2830  " 
0*1474  Ag. 
Ag 
=  52-1 
4th 
6-2509  " 
0-1306  Ag. 
Ag 
=  52'i 
5th  " 
0-1887  " 
0*0988  Ag. 
Ag 
=  52-2 
6th 
0-0947  " 
0-0498  Ag. 
Ag 
=  52-6 
C5H902  Ag  requires  Ag  =  51-7  per  cent. 
C4H702  Ag       "     Ag=55-4    -  « 
The  acid  removed  by  ether  from  the  steam  distillate  therefore 
consisted  essentially  of  a  valeric  acid,  and,  on  examining  the  aqueous 
liquid  from  which  it  had  been  separated,  it  was  found  to  contain 
some  formic  acid  together  with  a  little  butyric  acid. 
Isolation  of  a  New  Crystalline  Alcohol,  Lippianol,  ClhHlhOz  —  OH. 
The  liquid  in  the  distillation  flask,  from  which  the  above-described 
volatile  acids  had  been  obtained  by  steam  distillation,  was  shaken 
with  ether,  when  it  was  observed  that  a  small  quantity  of  a  dark 
green  substance  remained  undissolved.  This  was  collected  on  a  filter 
and  dried  on  a  porous  tile,  after  which  it  was'  dissolved  in  ethyl 
acetate  and  treated  with  animal  charcoal,  when,  after  filtering  the 
liquid,  a  substance  separated  in  the  form  of  colorless  needles.  The 
