474  American  Pharmaceutical  Association.  {An0Vt£b£^9o™' 
programme,  and  these  for  the  most  part  were  of  a  fair  order  of 
merit. 
Chairman  Dunning's  address  was  highly  creditable,  and  showed 
above  all  else  that  the  most  capable  pharmacist  is  the  one  who 
appreciates  the  value  of  scientific  knowledge  and  its  application  to 
his  art.  That  Mr.  Dunning  holds  to  the  same  view  was  shown  in 
the  opening  paragraph  of  his  address,  where  he  expressed  the  view 
that  the  work  of  the  Scientific  Section  might  with  advantage  be  more 
closely  co-ordinated  with  that  of  the  other  sections,  and  thus  ques- 
tions arising  in  practice  could  be  studied  by  those  more  especially 
qualified  for  scientific  work.  He  said  that  interesting  problems  were 
constantly  coming  forward  in  the  practice  of  pharmacy,  and  sug- 
gested that  these  be  investigated  according  to  pharmaceutical 
methods,  and  then  in  case  they  proved  difficult  of  solution,  handed 
over  to  the  scientific  section,  together  with  the  results  previously 
obtained.  Among  the  examples  given  of  such  problems  were  the 
following  :  The  question  as  to  why  equal  weights  of  different  chemi- 
cals increase  volume  unequally  when  dissolved  in  water;  one  as  to 
why  boric  acid  can  be  satisfactorily  titrated  in  the  presence  of 
glycerin  ;  the  solvent  action  of  certain  chemicals  upon  other  chemi- 
cals, and  the  liquefaction  of  certain  substances  in  the  presence  of 
others,  and  still  others  of  a  more  practical  character. 
The  following  papers  were  read  : 
A  Few  Points  on  Toxicology  for  the  Practical  Pharmacist. 
By  Joseph  Weinstein. 
The  author  advocated  that  the  pharmacist  should  be  trained,  as 
in  European  colleges,  to  give  first  aid  to  the  injured.  With  refer- 
ence to  poisons,  he  said  that  in  order  to  give  first  aid  it  is  not  always 
necessary  to  know  the  specific  poison  ;  that  poisons  belong  to  two 
classes,  sedative  and  stimulant,  the  symptoms  and  treatment  varying 
according  to  these  two  classes. 
Sodium  Oleate:  Some  Commercial  Preparations  Containing  it. 
By  M.  I.  Wilbert. 
Liquid  Soap  :  an  Economical  Formula. 
By  M.  I.  Wilbert. 
The  writer  pointed  out  the  advantages  of  the  liquid  form  of  soap 
over  the  cake  form,  but  said  that  the  cost  of  the  ethyl  alcohol 
