Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
June,  1917. 
The  Quarterly  Review  on 
283 
seasons  the  department  feels  safe  in  saying  that  one  of  the  most 
efficient  substances  for  this  purpose  is  borax.  Two  pounds  of  this 
chemical  to  28  gallons  of  water,  which  should  be  sufficient  for  24 
bushels  of  manure,  is  the  most  effective  and  cheapest  of  all  the  many 
substances  tried.  However,  it  must  be  used  with  a  great  deal  of 
care,  for  if  the  manure  is  to  be  used  for  fertilizing  purposes  an 
excessive  amount  of  the  borax  will  be  very  prone  to  have  an  in- 
jurious effect  on  growing  plants.  They  also  found  that  8  ounces 
of  green  hellebore  to  10  gallons  of  water  for  the  treatment  of  8 
bushels  of  manure,  is  also  effective.  Of  course  the  cost  is  some- 
what higher.  Calcium  cyanamide  was  also  found  to  be  of  value  for 
this  purpose,  a  half  pound  of  it  to  each  bushel  being  the  proper  pro- 
portions. While  the  cost  of  this  is  higher,  the  manurial  value  is 
considerably  increased ;  it  is  as  well  to  add  to  it  then  at  least  half 
a  pound  of  superphosphate  as  this  chemical  prevents  the  loss  of 
ammonia  by  the  action  of  the  cyanamide,  and  in  turn  this  adds  to 
the  increase  of  the  phosphorus  content.  Good  results  were  also 
obtained  with  solutions  of  aniline  and  emulsions  of  nitrobenzene 
with  fish  oil  soap,  this  being  found  to  be  without  harm  to  the  fertiliz- 
ing value  of  the  manure.  They  advise  against  the  use  of  such  potent 
substances  as  potassium  cyanide,  Paris  green,  arsenic  sheep-dip, 
and  pyridine,  it  being  claimed  that  these  substances  are  too  danger- 
ous (F.  C.  Cook  and  R.  H.  Hutchinson  in  U.  S.  Depart.  Agric. 
Bullet.,  408). 
Yellow  Soft  Paraffin  as  an  Intestinal  Lubricant. — There 
is  considerable  objection  being  manifested  against  the  use  of  the 
liquid  paraffin  for  internal  consumption  because  of  leakage ;  despite 
this  disagreeable  feature  the  popularity  of  this  kind  of  treatment  for 
habitual  constipation  is  growing  more  and  more  every  day.  It  is 
proposed  by  the  writer  that  the  soft  paraffin  be  used  to  overcome  this 
tendency  of  leakage ;  it  is  claimed  that  it  is  more  thoroughly  mixed 
with  the  intestinal  contents  and  for  this  reason  is  more  thoroughly 
lubricating.  The  author  feels  that  it  is  greatly  to  be  preferred  to  any 
form  of  oily  enema  (H.  Gifford,  Jour.  A.  M.  A.,  304,  1917). 
Chlorazene. — This  article,  made  in  this  country,  has  antiseptic 
qualities  and  the  claim  is  also  made  that  it  is  an  active  germicide. 
Its  action  is  somewhat  similar  to  the  hypochlorites,  but  is  less  irritat- 
ing. Chemically  it  is  known  as  sodium  para-toluene  sulphochlora- 
mine.  It  appears  as  a  white  crystalline  powder,  and  has  a  chlorine 
odor.    Chlorazene  is  not  intended  for  internal  administration ;  ex- 
