A?ep{embe?hia9T7  }  A  W  el1  EQuiPPed  College  of  Pharmacy. 
413 
the  identification  of  pharmaceuticals  There  is  a  thorough  coordina- 
tion of  the  work  in  the  several  departments,  so  that  the  preliminary 
work  in  connection  with  the  making  of  galenicals  is  carried  on  in 
the  department  of  pharmacognosy. 
Department  of  Pharmacognosy. 
Under  the  title  of  Materia  Medica,  the  department  devoted  to 
the  study  of  crude  drugs  was  limited  in  its  scope  and  was  not  ex- 
pensive to  maintain.  This  department,  which  formerly  dealt  in 
generalities,  is  now  happily  replaced  by  a  department  of  fact  and 
practice,  viz.,  pharmacognosy.  This  latter  department  requires 
many  facilities  and  an  outlay  of  money  to  maintain  it  properly. 
The  first  prerequisite  in  such  a  department  is  a  medicinal  plant 
garden.  In  this  the  student  should  become  acquainted  with  grow- 
ing plants,  and  if  he  is  required  to  collect  the  drugs,  making  assays 
upon  them  and  preparations  from  them,  he  will  understand  why 
preparations  vary  in  strength  and  are  frequently  inert.  The  medic- 
inal plant  garden  of  the  University  of  Minnesota  covers  50,000 
sq.  ft.  and  is  under  active  cultivation,  containing  most  of  the  official 
drug  plants  and  several  hundred  unofficial  drug  plants.  The  stu- 
dents are  required  to  examine  the  growing  plants,  later  collecting 
the  drug  portions,  drying  them,  powdering  them  and  making  prep- 
arations from  them.  In  addition  to  the  medicinal  plant  garden,  the 
school  has  a  large  greenhouse  adjoining  the  pharmacognostical 
laboratory.  In  structure  it  is  like  a  palm  house,  allowing  ample 
room  for  growing  tropical  medicinal  trees. 
The  department  is  well  equipped  with  facilities  for  drying  drugs 
and  has  a  large  milling  laboratory.  The  equipment  includes  large 
drying  ovens,  10  h.  p.  motor,  shaftings  and  pulleys,  drug  thresher, 
fanning  mill,  disintegrator  mill,  limited  mill,  gyrator  sifter,  small 
motors  and  small  drug  mills,  steel  carriage  drug  bins  and  work 
tables.  A  part  of  this  floor  is  devoted  to  inclosures,  especially 
designed  and  constructed  of  steel  for  guinea  pigs,  rabbits,  roosters 
and  other  animals  for  physiological  drug  testing.  Storage  bins  of 
steel  are  provided  for  pots  and  soil.  The  wash  room  and  me- 
chanical room,  containing  the  switch  boards,  steam  trap,  tool  bench, 
etc.,  occupy  the  north  end  of  the  floor. 
The  plant  laboratory  building  is  provided  with  hot  and  cold 
water,  high  and  low  pressure  steam  and  a  conduit  laid  in  concrete 
