470  Pharmaceutical  Corps  in  U.  S.  Army.  {^oltobePlZT 
trol  of  an  apothecary  officer  who  has  charge  of  the  pharmaceutical 
service  and  supplies  and  is  the  director  of  the  laboratory  connected 
with  that  corps.  Each  army  corps  has  likewise  a  supply  depot  and 
a  manufactory  of  supplies  which  furnishes  the  medicines  and  dress- 
ings for  that  army  corps.  The  medicines  kept  in  hand  for  the  hos- 
pitals include  nearly  all  the  official  pharmaceutical  preparations. 
The  commander  of  the  German  Army  Pharmaceutical  Corps  is 
the  Oberstabsapotheker  who  is  attached  to  the  Medical  Section  of 
the  Prussian  Minister  of  War  and  his  rank  is  equal  to  that  of  a  gen- 
eral of  a  brigade. 
France  has  an  organized  Army  Pharmaceutical  Corps,  the  com- 
mander of  which  is  called  the  inspector  and  with  rank  as  brigadier 
general.  The  complete  organization  includes  the  titles  of  principal 
pharmacists,  pharmacists,  pharmacist-majors  and  assistant  pharma- 
cist-majors and  ranking  as  colonels,  lieutenant  colonels,  majors, 
captains  and  lieutenants.  When  the  French  peace  army  of  500,000 
men  was  rapidly  increased  to  3,500,000  trained  soldiers,  the  phar- 
maceutical corps  was  automatically  increased  from  the  pharmacists 
in  reserve,  many  of  whom  had  already  held  commissions  and  had 
experience  in  the  sanitary  corps. 
In  January,  1915,  over  1,200  of  the  mobilized  pharmacists  who 
had  the  necessary  experience  and  training  in  the  service,  were  com- 
missioned as  first  class  assistant  pharmacist-majors,  ranking  as 
lieutenants.  The  pharmaceutical  corps  in  France  manufactures 
many  of  the  army  supplies  and  is  charged  with  the  chemical  exami- 
nation of  water,  foods,  and  army  supplies  and  a  pharmacist  of  rank 
is  attached  to  the  Sanitary  Council  of  each  military  district. 
In  Spain,  as  early  as  181 3,  the  Military  Pharmacy  Corps  was 
promulgated.  Despite  the  several  changes  and  reorganizations  of 
the  Sanitary  Corps  that  have  taken  place  in  that  country  since  that 
date,  the  organization  has  been  continued  and  its  work  made  more 
comprehensive  and  beneficial.  Its  personnel  comprises  inspectors, 
sub-inspectors,  pharmacist-majors,  pharmacists  of  the  first  class  and 
pharmacists  of  the  second  class  and  with  commissioned  rank  from 
colonel  to  lieutenant. 
In  Japan,  "  the  Army  has  a  Sanitary  Supply  Department  and  the 
Director  of  this  Department  is  equal  in  rank  to  a  Colonel  and  wher- 
ever there  is  a  Barrack,  it  has  a  field  hospital,  which  has  a  Depart- 
ment of  Pharmacy  and  the  Director  of  this  pharmacy  is  equal  in 
rank  to  a  lieutenant  colonel.  The  rank  of  pharmacists  in  the  Army 
is  from  a  sub-Lieutenant  to  a  Colonel." 
