5o8  Improved  Apparatus  for         { X^mber,^ 
Fig.  5  shows  the  essential  features  of  the  apparatus,  consist- 
ing  of  the  glass  distributing  tube  (a)  to  the  upper  end  of  which  is 
sealed  the  short  tube  (a-1),  used  for  connecting  the  caloris  bottle 
(h)  with  the  distributing  tube  by  means  of  the  pipe  (h1)  which 
passes  through  the  stopper  of  the  bottle.  A  glass  tube  (/i3)  used 
as  an  air  inlet  also  passes  through  the  stopper  and  extends  to  the 
bottom  of  the  caloris  bottle.  A  number  of  tubes  (a2)  are  blown 
into  the  lower  section  of  (a)  and  although  four  of  these  tubes  are 
shown  in  the  illustration  it  is  possible  to  vary  this  number  according 
to  the  number  of  instillation  tubes  that  may  be  required.  The  lower 
ends  of  the  tubes  (a2)  are  suitably  enlarged  so*  that  rubber  tubing 
(b)  can  readily  be  slipped  on,  thus  serving  as  connections  be- 
tween the  distributing  tubes  (a)  and  the  glass  sight-feed  bulbs  (c). 
By  means  of  these  sight-feed  bulbs  (c)  the  rate  of  flow  of  the  solu- 
tion into  the  instillation  tubes  can  be  readily  observed.  The  short 
extensions  (c1  and  c2)  on  the  sight-feed  bulbs  readily  permit  con- 
nection with  the  tubes  (b)  and  (J).  The  connecting  tubes  (d)  are 
readily  attached  to  the  instillation  tubes  (/)  by  means  of  short  glass 
pipes  (e)  which  have  enlarged  sections  to  insure  snug  union. 
The  rate  of  flow  of  the  solution  from  the  reservoir  to  the  instil- 
lation tubes  as  observed  through  the  sight-feed  bulbs  is  adjusted  by 
means  of  the  screw  clamps  (g). 
When  the  apparatus  has  been  adjusted  and  is  ready  for  use  the 
solution  is  poured  into  the  caloris  bottle,  which  is  then  corked  and 
suspended  from  the  properly  elevated  stand,  thus  insuring  a  free 
gravity  flow.  The  liquid  passes  from  the  reservoir  into  the  dis- 
tributing tube  (a)  and  from  there  into  the  individual  tubes  (a2) 
which  connect  as  previously  described  with  the  instillation  tubes  (/). 
The  surgeon,  knowing  the  particular  requirements  of  each  wound 
or  portion  thereof,  can  adjust  the  rate  of  flow  of  the  solution  from 
each  instillation  tube  independently  of  the  others  by  means  of  the 
screw  clamps  (g) ,  making  his  observations  at  the  sight-feed 
bulbs  (c). 
By  attaching  the  distributing  tube  (a),  clamps  (g)  and  sight- 
feed  bulbs  (c)  near  the  outlet  of  the  caloris  bottle  the  only  appre- 
ciable temperature  change  in  the  solution  would  occur  in  the  connect- 
ing tubes  (d)  between  the  clamps  (g)  and  the  point  of  instillation, 
as  the  flow  of  the  liquid  from  the  clamp  to  the  wound  is  con- 
tinuous and  free.  Therefore,  the  loss  in  temperature  under  ordi- 
nary conditions  between  these  two  points  can  be  readily  determined. 
