AmFetu,ri87^arm  }  Gleanings  from  the  Foreign  Journals.  69 
less  or  faint  yellowish,  sp.  gr.  *86  ;  boiling  point,  156 — I57°C.  ;  laevo- 
gyre  ;  odor  peculiar,  taste  burning.  French  turpentine  is  chiefly  pro- 
duced in  the  neighborhood  of  Bordeaux,  and  yields  25  per  cent.  oil. 
Venetian  oil  of  turpentine,  from  Venice  turpentine  of  Larix  decidua, 
is  laevogyre,  and  resembles  the  preceding,  but  has  a  more  agreeable 
odor.  Venice  turpentine  is  mostly  obtained  in  Southern  Tyrol  and  in 
Piedmont,  and  yields  18 — 25  per  cent,  of  oil. 
English  oil  of  turpentine,  from  American  turpentine  of  Pinus  palus- 
tris  and  P.  Taeda,  resembles  the  French,  has  the  sp.  grav.  '864,  boils 
at  156 — 157,  and  is  dextrogyre.  American  turpentine  yields  about  17 
per  cent,  of  oil. 
Besides  these  four  principal  varieties,  the  following  are  likewise  met 
with  : 
Pine  cone  oil,  oleum  Abietis  pini,  is  obtained  by  distilling  with  water 
the  cones  of  Abies  pectinata.  It  has  a  much  finer  odor  than  oil  of 
turpentine,  spec.  grav.  '868  \  boiling  point,  160 — i62°C,  and  is  dex- 
trogyre. 
Dwarf  pine  oil  (Krummholz — or  Latschen  oil),  oleum  Pini  pumili- 
•onis,  is  obtained  by  distilling  the  young  tops  and  cones  of  Pinus  pumilio 
with  water.  It  has  a  peculiar  odor,  reminding  of  juniper,  sp.  grav. 
•865  ;  boiling  point,  I70°C,  and  is  laevogyre. 
Pine  leaf  oil  is  obtained  on  distilling  the  leaves  of  Pinus  sylvestris  or 
P.  Abies  by  means  of  steam.  It  has  a  very  fine  aromatic  odor,  spec, 
grav.  "876  ;  boiling  point,  i6o°C,  and  is  dextrogyre. 
Templin  oil  (also  Kienol,  Germ.)  is  obtained  chiefly  in  some  sections 
of  Switzerland  and  Tyrol  by  distilling  the  wood,  branches,  leaves, 
cones,  etc.,  with  water.  It  has  a  lemon-like  odor,  spec.  grav.  '86  — 
"88  ;  boiling  point,  160 — i64°C,  and  is  laevogyre. — Pbar.  Zeitung, 
1877,  No.  81 — Zeitscbr.  Oest.  Jpoth.  Ver. 
New  Method  of  Extracting  Scammony  Resin.  Emile  Perret. 
— The  author  exhausts  the  crude  pulverized  scammony  with  boiling 
alcohol,  and  neutralizes  the  dark  alkaline  liquid  with  a  few  drops  of 
sulphuric  acid.  The  coloring  matters  are  precipitated  as  a  lake,  and 
the  clear  supernatant  liquid  is  filtered  ofF ;  the  alcohol  is  distilled  off, 
and  the  residual  pure  resin  is  dried  on  the  sand-bath,  raising  the  tem- 
perature gradually  to  1040. — Chem.  News  [Lond.],  Dec.  21,  1877. 
Process  for  Extracting  Quinidia  from  the  Quinoidin  of  Com- 
