^VaSTS™*}  Fair  Forestry  outside  of  the  United  States.  133 
Suringa-mara,  one  of  their  hard  woods,,  is  used  to  make  pestles  and 
mortars,  Sinhalese  kind,  however.  Satinwood  (Chloroxylon 
Swietenia)  is  as  abundant  and  useful  here  as  in  India.  Another 
valuable  one  is  the  "  Nandoon  "  (Pericopsis  mooniana)  found  only  in 
Ceylon. 
The  Tamarind  produces  a  variegated  wood,  very  ornamental,  and 
but  little  inferior  to  Calamander,  which  is  a  Persimmon  (Diospyros 
gueesita)  the  most  attractive  cabinet  wood  in  Ceylon. 
In  this  hand-book  a  chapter  is  devoted  to  Native  Medicinal 
Plants  and  Medicines,  and  I  found  it  so  interesting  that  I  beg  to 
quote  a  paragraph  for  the  sake  of  Ceylonese  Polypharmacy. 
"  In  most  cases  the  treatment  only  serves  to  change  an  acute 
disease  into  one  of  a  chronic  character,  while  recovery  from  a 
single  affection  is  protracted,  the  patient  being  kept  half  starved  on 
gruel  and  made  to  swallow  huge  quantities  of  infusions  and  decoc- 
tions of  medicinal  herbs  villainously  compounded,  the  number  of 
ingredients  in  each  portion  increasing  in  direct  ratio  with  the  con- 
tinuance and  severity  of  the  malady." 
A  mild  form  of  fever,  for  instance,  would  be  treated  with  a  decoc- 
tion of  the  Five  Minor  Roots — Desmodium  gangaticum,  Uraria 
lagopodioides,  Solanum  Jacquini,  Solanum  Indicum  and  Tribulus 
terrestris — which  are  believed  to  cure  fever  due  to  deranged  phlegm, 
catarrh,  etc. 
A  severer  form  would  be  ascribed  perhaps  to  deranged  air,  requir- 
ing the  use  of  the  Five  Major  plants — ^Egle  marmelos,  Calosanthes 
Indica,  Gmelina  arborea,  Stereospermum  suaveolens  and  Premna 
speciosa. 
In  remittent  fever,  etc.,  all  ten  may  be  prescribed  together,  and 
in  typhoid  fever,  with  head  symptoms,  all  these  with  eight  or  ten 
others. 
Many  articles  of  their  Pharmacopoeia  were  on  exhibition,  some 
not  unknown  to  ours.  The  display  of  Cinchona  Barks  and  Cinna- 
mons were  very  fine. 
The  exhibit  of  New  South  Wales  was  the  only  one  in  Forestry 
from  Australia,  and  a  glance  at  it  showed  the  excellent  judgment  of 
the  Commission  in  selecting  those  timbers  which  are  most  useful  in 
their  Industrial  Arts,  for  their  original  intention  was  to  show  some 
19  classes  relating  to  forests  and  prepared  woods,  but  there  were 
but  6  on  exhibition. 
