Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
May,  1894.  J 
Colleges  and  Associations. 
D — (i)  How  is  spiritus  setheris  nitrosi  made  by  the  U.S. P.,  1890,  process  ? 
(2)  Name  the  compound  which  the  Pharmacopoeia  recognizes  as  the  valuable 
constituent  in  this  spirit.  What  is  its  boiling  point  ?  (3)  Give  the  official  test 
for  this  constituent.  (4)  What  is  the  specific  gravity  of  spiritus  setheris 
nitrosi  ?    What  are  its  common  adulterations  ? 
i£— Give  the  color  tests  for  the  following:    (1)  The  aloins.    (2)  Quinine. 
(3)  Strychnine. 
F—  Define  chemical,  physical  and  therapeutical  incompatibility,  and  write 
three  prescriptions,  giving  correct  metric  doses,  illustrating  each  kind  of  in- 
compatibility .  (1)  Chemical  incompatibility,  (2)  physical  incompatibility,  (3) 
therapeutical  incompatibility. 
G — (1)  In  compounding  prescriptions,  state  under  what  circumstances  it  is 
advantageous  to  aid  the  solution  of  a  solid  by  heating  it  with  the  solvent.  (2) 
State  when  it  is  proper  to  filter  a  prescribed  liquid  preparation,  and  explain 
why,  for  certain  reasons,  filtration  sometimes  should  not  be  resorted  to.  (3) 
When  is  it  permissible  to  make  an  addition  to  a  prescription  without  the  con- 
sent of  the  prescriber  ?  Give  reasons  for  your  answer.  (4)  Is  it  desirable, 
when  renewing  a  prescription,  to  follow  the  order  of  mixing  the  ingredients 
originally  used  ?    If  so,  why  ? 
H — (1)  How  is  wafer-paper  or  wafer-sheet  made  ?  (2)  Upon  what  property 
does  its  usefulness  in  administering  powders  depend.  (3)  Describe  the  method 
of  using  wafer-paper  in  making  cachets.  (4)  Describe  or  draw  a  sketch  of  an 
apparatus  for  filling  and  sealing  cachets.  (5)  How  are  tablet-triturates  made  ? 
(6)  How  may  these  be  made  harder  in  consistence  without  affecting  their  use- 
fulness ? 
/— (1)  What  is  gelatin  ?  (2)  Howisitmade?  (3)  What  classes  of  gelatin  cap- 
sules are  found  in  commerce  ?  (4)  Draw  a  sketch  illustrating  each  class.  (5) 
Describe  the  manufacturers'  methods  of  filling  capsules  with  liquids.  (6) 
How  may  capsules  be  filled  on  the  small  scale  by  pharmacists?  (7)  How  may 
the  gelatin  mass  used  for  capsules  be  made  to  vary  so  as  to  produce  capsules 
of  different  consistence? 
K—{i)  What  substances  are  directed  to  be  used  in  making  official  supposi- 
tories, U.S. P.,  1890?  (2)  What  physical  properties  are  necessary  to  consti- 
tute a  good  suppository  mass  ?  (3)  Describe  the  method  of  making  rolled 
suppositories.    (4)    Describe  the  method  of  making  moulded  suppositories. 
CHEMISTRY. 
A — (1)  What  are  the  sources  of  the  element  sulphur?  (2)  What  are  the 
chief  technical  uses  of  sulphur?    (3)  Describe  the  official  varieties  of  sulphur. 
(4)  Enumerate  the  oxides  and  acids  of  sulphur,  giving  the  exact  chemical 
names  and  formulas.  (5)  By  what  tests  would  you  be  able  to  distinguish  a 
metallic  sulphide  from  a  metallic  oxide  ? 
B — ;i)  How  is  metallic  sodium  made  at  present?  (2)  Give  the  reactions  for 
the  several  commercial  processes  for  making  sal  soda.  (3)  Mention  the  most 
abundant  natural  sodium  salts,  and  state  how  and  where  they  occur.  (4)  Give 
the  formulas  for  sodii  carbonas,  sodii  boras,  sodii  phosphas,  sodii pyrophosphas, 
sodii  hypophosphis,  sodii  nitris. 
C—(i)  Mention  the  chief  ores  of  lead,  and  state  how  the  metal  is  extracted 
from  them.    (2)  What  are  the  technical  uses  of  metallic  lead  and  of  its  alloys  ? 
