4i8 
Structure  of  Podophyllum. 
j  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
\  September,  1894. 
len  nodes,  we  find  av  series  of  compactly  arranged  annular  scars, 
which  are  also  the  scars  of  bud-scales. 
The  large  circular  scars  just  referred  to,  are  of  two  kinds,  one 
cup-shaped,  and  the  other  similar,  except  a  central  conical  eleva- 
tion, which  is  in  reality  a  small  bud.  The  former  are  the  scars  left 
by  the  decay  of  above-ground  stems,  the  latter,  scars  of  the  large, 
radical  leaves,  of  the  previous  seasons. 
If  the  rhizomes  have  been  collected  in  late  autumn  or  in  early 
spring,  there  will  be  found  ascending  from  their  apices  and  from 
those  of  their  main  branches,  conspicuous  terminal  buds.  A  longi- 
tudinal section  through  some  of  these  buds  will  show  on  the  interior 
a  stem  with  a  pair  of  opposite  leaves  and  a  flower  bud  already 
Fig.  i. 
formed.  Others,  which  have  the  same  appearance  exteriorly,  con- 
tain only  a  radical  leaf,  but  having  its  parts  already  well-developed 
and  its  peltate  blade  plicately  folded  down  over  the  cylindrical  pet- 
iole. A  section  will  show  at  the  base  of  this  petiole  a  minute 
bud,  over  which  in  fact  the  petiole  fits  like  a  candle-extinguisher. 
When  in  the  latter  part  of  summer  the  leaf  falls  away,  this  bud  ap- 
pears as  the  conical  elevation  already  alluded  to,  in  the  centre  of  the 
scar. 
Besides  this  bud,  the  section  will  show  another  minute  one  on  the 
lower  surface  of  the  rhizome  in  the  axil  of  one  of  the  bud-scales. 
This  serves  to  continue  the  growth  of  the  rhizome  under  ground 
while  the  leaves  and  stems  are  growing  above  ground. 
