45°  The  Apocynaceez  in  Materia  Medica.     { AseptJe0mbe?hia894 ' 
this  case  the  twining  is  to  the  right,  or  they  maintain  themselves 
upon  the  trees  without  rolling  about  them.  Branches  often  fleshy 
or  thorny,  always  traversed  as  elsewhere  in  the  entire  plant  by  lati- 
ciferous  canals  with  a  white  juice,  or  more  rarely  opalescent.  The 
subterranean  parts,  roots,  or  sometimes  rhizomes,  may  be  swollen  with 
tubercles.  In  the  same  genus  as  the  Dipladenia,  D.  C,  for  example, 
we  find  in  the  Campos  of  Brazil  the  plants  herbaceous  or  suftruti- 
cose,  often  tubercular  with  erect  branches  (Eudipladenia),  and  in  the 
region  of  the  forests  the  long,  twining  climber  (liane)  elevating  itself 
upon  the  tallest  trees  (Micradenia). 
Leaves. — Opposite  or  verticillate,  more  rarely  alternate,  simple,  the 
shape  varying,  but  always  entire  and  destitute  of  stipules,  although 
sometimes  a  swelling — a  pseudo-stipule — appears  extending  trans- 
versely between  two  opposite  leaves,  as  in  certain  Echites,  or  various 
appendages  (glands,  scales,  etc.)  may  remind  us  by  their  presence 
of  stipules. 
Flowers. — In  cymes,  rarely  in  racemes,  sometimes  solitary ;  regu- 
lar, hermaphrodite,  pentamerous.  Calyx,  of  five  sepals,  bearing  often 
on  the  interior,  glands  or  scales  quite  analagous  to  those  of  the 
leaves,  Corolla,  regular,  gamopetalous,  with  five  lobes,  aestivation 
twisted  to  the  left  or  to  the  right.  The  corolla  prolongs  itself 
occasionally  in  long  appendages,  and  bears  frequently  the  ligules 
that  are  united  thereto ;  these  together  constitute  the  crown,  and 
which  Duval  studied  under  the  name,  not  now  used,  Lepals.  This 
exists  more  or  less  in  size  in  a  number  of  the  Apocynaceae.  The 
odor  is  fragrant  and  strong,  especially  in  the  pure  white  flowers. 
Elsewhere,  they  are  the  same  as  the  Asclepiadaceae,  Jasmineae, 
Loganiaceae,  Rubiaceae,  and  in  general  with  the  Contortae  of  Linne. 
Andrcecium. — Always  five  stamens,  alternate  with  the  petals,  and 
with  the  filaments  separating  from  the  corolla  at  various  heights. 
Anthers,  bilocular,  introrse,  with  dehiscence  longitudinal,  sometimes 
adhering  to  the  stigma ;  the  connective  very  often  enlarged,  possibly 
prolonging  itself  into  filaments  more  or  less  long.    Pollen  granular, 
National  de  la  Societie  de  Pharmacie  de  France,  Membre  Correspondant  du 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  Officier  D'Academie,  etc."  Montpellier,  1894. 
Instead  of  the  usnal  short  review  under  the  Bibliographical  Notices,  it  has  been 
deemed  advisable  to  place  before  the  American  readers  a  translation  of  the 
more  important  points  of  this  commendable  work,  and  it  is  hoped  that  this 
will  serve  to  extend  its  usefulness.  G.  M.  B. 
