434 
Microscopical  Examination  of  Cloves.  { 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
October,  1894. 
X.  Cloves  containing  10  per  cent,  turmeric,  using  two  parts  of 
water : 
While  the  above  results  show  a  variance,  and  one  that  is  not  con- 
stant in  any  one  direction,  still  they  are  of  some  encouragement. 
Hoping  that  the  possibilities  of  this  kind  of  research  were  not  limi- 
ted to  mechanical  admixtures,  the  author  experimented  with  the 
view  of  obtaining  quantitative  results  upon  the  oil  contained  in 
cloves.  For  this  purpose  a  small  extractor,  graduated  to  a  mark, 
was  made  out  of  a  piece  of  glass  tubing.  This  was  filled  to  the 
mark  with  cloves  and  exhausted  with  ether,  the  whole  operation 
requiring  about  one  minute.  The  ether  containing  the  oil  was  al- 
lowed to  drop  in  a  watch  crystal  containing  a  few  drops  of  alcoholic 
KOH  solution,  the  potassium  eugenol  forming  at  once  and  the  ether 
evaporating.  To  the  residue  was  then  added  a  known  quantity 
(2-3  cubic  centimetres)  of  water,  the  mixture  thoroughly  stirred,  and 
a  drop  of  the  liquid  collected  on  the  finger  and  used  on  the  slide ; 
25  (mm.)2  were  examined  and  the  number  of  (mm.)2 — approximately 
— filled  with  crystals  were  counted. 
XI.  Pure  sample  of  cloves  : 
XII.  Sample  containing  50  per  cent,  of  cloves  of  original  sample 
contained  : 
Three  commercial  samples  were  examined,  one  that  was  said  to 
contain  much  allspice.  An  examination  based  on  the  "port  wine" 
cells  of  allspice  yielded  the  following  results  : 
XIII.  Genuine  allspice  sample  yielded: 
(5  +  9  +  3  +  3)  =  20  "  Port  wine  "  cells- 
XIV.  Commercial  sample  gave : 
(3  -f"  3  +  4  +  3)  =  1 3  "  Port  wine  "  cells  =  65  per  cent,  allspice. 
(1)  10  —  8-47  per  cent. 
(2)  11  =  9-32  « 
(3)  10  =  8-47  « 
(0    9.  ) 
(2)    6.  >  Average  =  8. 
(0    4-  } 
(2)    3.  >  Average  =  11  =45  per  cent.  oil. 
