Am'j^ner'i£4arm*}  Constituents  of  Senna,  289 
of  rhein  and  aloe-emodin ;  the  magnesium  salt  of  an  unidentified 
organic  acid.  The  aqueous  liquid  furthermore  contained  a  quantity 
of  a  sugar  which  yielded  d-phenylglucosazone  (m.  p.  2160),  and  some 
brown,  amorphous  products,  which,  on  treatment  with  alkali,  gave 
kaempferol,  together  with  small  amounts  of  rhein  and  aloe-emodin. 
Some  amorphous,  glucoside  material  was  also  present. 
The  portion  of  the  alcoholic  extract  which  was  insoluble  in  water 
consisted  of  a  soft,  dark  green  resin,  which  amounted  to  7.0  per 
cent,  of  the  weight  of  the  leaves  employed.  From  this  material, 
which  contained  considerable  chlorophyll  and  amorphous  products, 
there  were  isolated,  in  addition  to  some  of  the  substances  mentioned 
above,  the  following  compounds :  Myricyl  alcohol ;  a  phytosterol, 
C27H4eO ;  a  phytosterolin,  C33H5606 ;  palmitic  and  stearic  acids. 
The  senna  leaves  from  Lima,  Peru,  were  found  to  contain  all 
the  above-mentioned  compounds,  with  the  exception  of  the  magne- 
sium salt,  and,  in  addition,  worhamnetin.  A  glucoside  of  worhamne- 
tin  was  also  present  in  association  with  glucosides  of  kaempferol, 
rhein,  and  aloe-emodin,  but  no  pure  compound  could  be  isolated  from 
the  mixture. 
Alexandrian  senna  leaves  yielded,  in  addition  to  myricyl  alcohol 
and  a  phytosterolin,  rhein,  aloe-emodin,  kaempferol,  and  worhamne- 
tin.  These  four  substances  were  also  present  in  the  form  of  gluco- 
sides, and  in  much  greater  proportion  as  such  than  in  the  free  state. 
The  statements  of  Tschirch  and  Hiepe  (Arch.  Pharm.,  1900, 
238,  427)  that  senna  leaves  contain  "  sennawoemodin,"  "  senna- 
chrysophanic  acid"  (chrysophanol),  and  a  "substance,  C14H10O5," 
could  not  be  confirmed,  it  having  been  ascertained  that  the  anthra- 
quinone  derivatives  present  consist  solely  of  rhein  and  aloe-emodin. 
In  this  connection  it  may  be  noted  that  a  mixture  of  approximately 
equal  quantities  of  the  last-mentioned  two  compounds  has  the  em- 
pirical composition  and  properties  assigned  by  Tschirch  and  Hiepe 
to  the  "  substance  C14H10O5."  Furthermore,  the  "  sennarhamne- 
tin  "  of  the  last-mentioned  authors  has  been  found  to  be  identical 
with  the  uorhamnetin  previously  described  by  Perkin  (T.,  1896,  69, 
1658). 
Frank  Tutin,  from  the  Transactions  of  the  Chemical  Society, 
vol.  103,  1913.   London.  J.  K.  T. 
The  Serum  Treatment  of  Hay  Fever. — In  a  pamphlet,  by 
Lewis  M.  Somers,  M.D.,  published  by  Fritzsche  Brothers,  New 
York,  a  summary  of  ten  years'  experience  in  the  use  of  pollen 
