Am* ju?yr"iS.4arm* }    Chemistry  of  Pressor  Compounds.  293 
and  Herring  8  found  little  or  no  rise  in  blood-pressure  if  the  pitui- 
tary extracts  were  given  animals  by  mouth,  but  believed  the  com- 
pound which  gave  immunity  was  still  absorbed,  because  the  depressor 
effect  of  intravenous  injections  was  more  marked  if  given  after  the 
oral  use  of  such  extracts.  They  state  that  a  very  small  dose  ( 1  c.c. 
of  a  1  per  cent,  extract)  does  not  produce  immunity,  although  the 
rise  in  blood-pressure  which  follows  a  second  injection  is  less  than 
that  which  follows  the  first.  In  this  connection  it  is  interesting  to 
note  that  Biedl 9  and  also  Cushing  have  found  that  removal  of  the 
posterior  lobe  is  borne  by  dogs  apparently  with  slight  danger  to 
life,  whereas  removal  of  the  anterior  lobe  will  cause  death  within 
a  few  days;  also  Ott  and  Scott 10  have  found  that  the  injection  of 
extracts  of  the  posterior  lobe  will  cause  a  diminution  in  size  of  the 
thyreoid  gland,  but  that  extracts  of  the  anterior  lobe  will  cause 
enlargement  of  this  gland. 
In  Hamburger's  experiments  extracts  of  the  anterior  lobe  caused 
a  fall  in  blood-pressure  with  weakening  of  the  heart  and  accelera- 
tion of  the  rate,  while  a  second  injection,  if  given  early,  produced 
no  effect  on  the  blood-pressure,  although  if  the  interval  between 
injections  was  longer  a  fall  still  occurred.  At  the  autopsy  of  one  of 
Biedl's  animals,  similarly  injected,  there  was  widespread  clotting.11 
The  fall  from  injection  of  extracts  of  the  anterior  lobe  is  more 
marked  in  atropinized  animals,  but  Biedl 12  does  not  consider  the 
fall  produced  by  extracts  of  the  anterior  lobe  as  characteristic. 
Hamburger  noted  that  a  secondary  rise  at  times  followed  the  depres- 
sion caused  by  the  injection  of  extracts  of  the  anterior  lobe.13 
fknile-Weil  and  Boye  14  claim  there  is  a  further  difference  be- 
tween the  action  of  extracts  of  the  anterior  and  of  the  posterior 
8  Shaefer,  E.,  and  Herring,  P.  T.,  "  Action  of  Pituitary  Extracts  upon  the 
Kidney,"  Philos.  Trans.  Roy.  Soc.  London,  Ser.  B,  vol.  199,  p.  1  (1908). 
9  Biedl,  A.,  "  Innere  Sekretion,"  vol.  2,  p.  116. 
10  Ott,  I.,  and  Scott,  J.  C,  "  Effect  of  Animal  Extracts  and  Iodine  upon 
the  Volume  of  the  Thyroid  Gland,"  Thcrap.  Gaz.,  vol.  37,  p.  781  (1913). 
11  Biedl,  /.  c,  p.  141. 
12  Biedl,  /.  c,  p.  141. 
13  Hamburger,  W.  W.,  "Action  of  Intravenous  Injections  of  Glandular 
Extracts,"  Amer.  Jour.  Physiol.,  vol.  11,  p.  282  (1904). 
14  £mile-Weil,  P.,  and  Boye,  G.,  "  Action  differente  des  lobes  hypophy- 
saires  sur  la  coagulation  du  sang,"  Compt.  rend.  Hcb.  Soc.  dc  Biol.,  vol.  67, 
p.  428  (1909). 
