Am.^jour^Pharm. j     Chemistry  of  Pressor  Compounds.  297 
action  may  not  be  due  to  the  pressor  principle.  Engeland  and 
Kutscher  25  have  attempted  to  isolate  the  compound  which  causes 
contractions  in  the  cat  uterus.  They  attributed  this  action  to  cholin, 
as  they  isolated  this  base  from  pituitaries  and  found  that  control 
solutions  of  cholin  caused  contractions  of  the  isolated  uterus.  Gau- 
trelet  had  previously  found  cholin  in  the  hypophysis.  Engeland 
and  Kutscher  believe  the  pressor  principle  to  be  -different  from  the 
one  which  acts  on  the  uterus. 
Bayer  and  Peter  26  claim  that  the  pituitary  principle  which  stim- 
ulates the  autonomic  nerve-endings  of  the  intestines  resides  in  the 
posterior  lobe  only  and  is  not  specific  for  this  organ,  and  that  the 
portion  of  the  lobe  insoluble  in  alcohol  causes  inhibition,  while  the 
portion  soluble  in  alcohol  causes  increased  activity.  On  isolated 
bronchial  muscle,  extracts  of  the  hypophysis,  histamine,  and  Witte's 
pepton  caused  no  contraction.27 
Like  the  secretion  of  the  ovaries,  extracts  of  the  pituitary  glands 
also  increase  the  secretion  of  the  mammary  gland.28  According  to 
Herring,20  extracts  of  the  pituitary  gland  of  skates  produce  an 
increase  in  mammary  secretion,  but  do  not  produce  a  rise  in  blood- 
pressure  or  increase  in  urinary  secretion. 
The  apparent  similarity  30  in  some  of  the  actions  of  pituitary  ex- 
25  Engeland,  R.,  and  Kutscher,  F.,  "  Ueber  einige  physiologischen  wichtige 
Substanzen,"  Zeits.  f.  Biol.,  vol.  57,  p.  527  (1912)  ;  Schickele,  G.,  "Ueber  die 
Herkunft  der  blutdrucksteigernden  Substanz  in  der  Hypophysis,"  Zeits.  f. 
d.  ges.  exp.  Med.,  vol.  1,  p.  545  (1913)  ;  Bell,  W.  B.,  "Pituitary  Body,"  Brit. 
Med.  lour.  (1900),  vol.  2,  p.  1609. 
26  Bayer,  G.,  and  Peter,  L.,  "  Zur  Kenntniss  des  Neurochemismus  der 
Hypophyse,"  Archiv.  f.  exper.  Path.,  vol.  64,  p.  204  (1911). 
27  Trendelenburg,  P.,  "  Physiologische  und  pharmakologische  Untersuch- 
ungen  an  der  isolierten  bronchial  Muskulatur,"  Archiv.  f.  exper.  Path.,  vol. 
69,  p.  106  (1912). 
28  Ott,  L,  and  Scott,  J.  C.,  Proc.  Soc.  Exper..  Biol,  vol.  1,  p.  1911)  ; 
Schaefer,  E.  A.,  "  On  the  Effect  of  the  Pituitary  and  Corpus  Luteum  Ex- 
tracts on  the  Mammary  Secretion  in  the  Human  Subject,"  Quart.  Jour.  Exper. 
Physiol,  vol.  6,  p.  17  (1913)  ;  Gavin,  W.,  "On  the  Effects  of  Administra- 
tion of  Extracts  of  Pituitary  Body  and  Corpus  Luteum  to  Milch  Cows," 
ibid.,  p.  13. 
20  Herring,  P.  T.,  "  Contribution  to  the  Comparative  Physiology  of  the 
Pituitary  Body,"  Quart.  Jour.  Physiol,  vol.  1,  p.  261  (1908). 
30  Claude,  H.,  and  Baudoin,  A.,  "  Sur  les  effets  de  certains  extraits  hypo- 
physaires,"  Comp.  rend.  Acad,  des  Sci.  Paris,  vol.  153,  p.  1513  (1911)  ;  v. 
Frankl-Hochwart,  L.,  and  Frohlich,  A.,  "  Zur  Kenntniss  der  Wirkung  des 
Hypophysins,"  Archiv.  f.  exper.  Path.,  vol.  63,  p.  347  (1910). 
