Am.  Jour.  Tharm. ) 
September,  1914.  J 
Rhamnus  Purshiana. 
405 
No  substance  corresponding  to  either  cascarine  or  purshianin  was 
found.  The  fat  was  found  to  consist  of  rhamnol  arachidate  and  free 
arachidic  acid.  A  hydrolytic  enzyme  was  isolated.  The  bitter  and 
the  active  principles  of  the  bark  were  not  isolated. 
Chemical  Constituents. — The  chemical  constituents  of 
Rhamnus  Purshiana  are  being  studied  by  the  writers,  and  the  results 
of  the  investigation  will  appear  in  a  later  issue  of  this  journal. 
Acknowledgments. — The  authors  wish  to  express  appreciation 
to  Dr.  John  Uri  Lloyd,  of  the  Lloyd  Library,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and 
Dr.  John  M.  Francis,  of  Parke,  Davis  and  Company,  Detroit, 
Mich.,  for  historical  facts ;  to  Prof.  Hugo  Winkenwerder,  dean  of 
the  University  of  Washington  College  of  Forestry,  for  facts  con- 
cerning Rhamnus  Purshiana  in  the  State  of  Washington ;  to  Dr.  Fred 
A.  Grazer,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  Mr.  James  G.  Munson,  of 
San  Jose,  Cal.,  for  facts  relating  to  the  first  bitterless  preparations 
of  the  bark ;  to  Mr.  Floyd  E.  Ryus,  of  Ketchikan,  Alaska,  for  in- 
formation concerning  the  growth  of  the  tree  in  Alaska ;  to  Mr.  Carl  L. 
Kurtz,  of  Notus,  Idaho,  for  information  concerning  its  growth  and 
range  in  Idaho;  to  Mr.  H.  E.  Holmes,  of  Stewart  &  Holmes  Drug 
Company,  Seattle,  Wash. ;  Mr.  Geo.  D.  Prigmore,  a  druggist,  of  Che- 
halis,  Wash.,  and  Mr.  Charles  A.  Richey,  of  Seattle,  Wash. ,  for  data 
concerning  the  growth  of  the  tree  and  collection  of  the  bark  in 
Washington. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
Year. 
1775.  Rhamnus  alnifolia,  named  by  C.  L.  de  Brutelle  L'Heritier  in  1775. 
Sertulum,  p.  5. 
1814.  Rhamnus  alnifolia,  named  by  Frederick  Pursh  in  1814.  Flora  Amer- 
ica? Septentrionalis,  vol.  1,  1814,  p.  166. 
1825.  Rhamnus  Purshiana,  named  by  Augustin  Pyramus  de  Candolle  in 
1825.  Prodromus  Systematis  Naturalis,  vol.  2,  1825,  p.  25. 
1814.  Rhamnus  Purshiana,  plant  gathered  by  Lewis  and  Clark  in  1803-1806 
and  named  by  Pursh  in  1814.  Flora  America;  Septentrionalis,  vol.  1, 
1814,  p.  166;  Silva  of  North  America,  by  C.  S.  Sargent,  vol.  2, 
1895,  pp.  37-40;  Contributions  from  the  National  Herbarium,  vol. 
11,  Flora  of  Washington,  by  Piper. 
1826.  Rhamnus  Purshiana,  discovered  by  Johann  Friedrick   (I wan  Iwan- 
owitsch)  Eschscholtz  in  1816.  Memoirs  of  the  Academy  of  St. 
Petersburg,  vol.  10,  1826;  Silva  of  North  America,  by  Sargent,  vol. 
2,  1895,  P.  40. 
1838.  Personon  laurifolium,  described  by  Rafinesque  in  1838.  Silva  Tellu- 
riana  (abstracted  by  Sargent,  Notes  on  North  American  Trees, 
vol.  23;  Garden  and  Forest,  Feb.  18,  p.  75;  The  Pacific  Druggist, 
April  15,  1891). 
