Aj;iuLryPi9oorm"}        Substitute  for  Ethyl  Alcohol.  3 
c  c.  acidulated  with  2  drops  of  acid,  and  then  200  c.c.  of  the  alcohol 
not  acidulated. 
The  percolate  was  boiled  down  in  a  flask  on  a  water-bath  to  about 
10  or  15  c.c.  of  liquid  extract,  and  this  was  diluted  and  washed  clean 
into  a  separator  with  25  c.c.  of  water  acidulated  with  1  drop  of  acid. 
The  flask  was  then  finally  rinsed  into  the  separator  with  20  c.c.  of 
chloroform,  99  per  cent. 
The  whole  was  well  shaken  for  five  minutes,  allowed  to  separate 
and  the  chloroform  layer  drawn  off  into  a  second  separator. 
The  acid  liquid  was  again  washed  twice  in  the  same  way  with  20 
c.c.  of  chloroform. 
The  60  c.c.  of  chloroform  washings  in -the  second  separator  was 
then  washed  by  gentle  shaking  with  1  5  c.c.  of  water  acidulated 
with  1  drop  of  acid,  the  chloroform  stratum  was  drawn  off  and 
wasted,  and  the  watery  stratum  was  added  to  that  in  the  first 
separator. 
Then  20  c.c.  of  chloroform  was  added  to  the  contents  of  the  first 
separator,  and  6  grammes  of  sodium  carbonate  added  in  small  por- 
tions as  long  as  effervescence  was  developed  by  shaking. 
Then  shook  well  for  five  minutes,  allowed  to  separate' and  the 
chloroform  stratum  drawn  off  into  a  tared  beaker. 
This  washing  of  the  alkaline  solution  was  repeated  twice  when 
the  tared  beaker  contained  about  60  c.c.  of  chloroform  solution  of 
crude  alkaloids. 
The  chloroform  was  evaporated  off  without  boiling  and  left  an 
amber-colored  varnish-like  extract  that  weighed  0-38  gramme  = 
076  per  cent,  crude  alkaloids. 
Upon  this  extract  in  the  beaker  12  c.c.  of  decinormal  sulphuric 
acid  was  delivered  from  a  burette  and  the  beaker  was  heated  in  a 
hot  water-bath  with  rotary  agitation  until  the  soiuble  part  of  the 
extract  was  dissolved. 
Then  decinormal  solution  of  potassium  hydrate  was  dropped  into 
the  acid  solution.  Tne  indicator  used  was  narrow  (4  millimetres) 
strips  of  blue  and  neutral,  litmus  paper,  touching  the  tip  end  to  the 
liquid  and  cutting  off  the  wet  portion  at  each  testing.  The  drop- 
ping in  was  continued  until  the  liquid  produced  no  change  of  color 
on  either  strip.  Then  after  each  additional  drop  or  half  drop  the 
testing  was  made  with  the  neutral  strip.  This  was  first  touched  to 
water,  which  wetted  about  1  centimetre  of  the  end,  and  then  was 
