632  " '  Chloramine"  Antiseptics.         {  Am^,Tr'i9ih8arm' 
and  in  i  to  2  per  cent,  for  nasal  and  throat  treatment,  the  dichlor- 
amine  T  is  usually  dissolved  in  about  one-fourth  of  the  solvent  with 
the  aid  of  heat,  and  then  quickly  cooled  by  adding  the  remainder  of 
the  chlorocosane. 
In  applying  any  of  the  solutions  of  dichloramine  T  very  light 
and  open  dressings  are  used  and  all  metallic  apparatus  must  be 
avoided.  The  solution  is  preferably  sprayed  upon  the  wound  from 
an  all-glass  atomizer  and  this  is  particularly  worthy  of  adoption  be- 
cause of  its  economy  since  only  small  quantities  of  the  antiseptic  are 
required. 
A  great  advantage  of  this  material  is  the  fact  that  the  dressings 
do  not  necessitate  changing  more  often  than  once  in  twenty-four 
hours  due  to  the  slow  liberation  of  chlorine  which  continues  over 
an  extended  period. 
Another  closely  related  product  which  has  been  placed  upon  the 
market  is  the  para-sulphone-dichloramine  benzoic  acid,  known  to 
the  trade  as  halazone  (C6H4(S02NCl2)COOH).  This  substance 
is  used  for  sterilizing  drinking  water  in  the  proportion  of  1  part  to 
about  300,000  parts  of  water,  and  complete  destruction  of  all  or- 
ganisms results  within  about  sixty  minutes. 
It  is  sold  in  tablets  and  each  of  these,  containing  about  %  grain 
of  halazone  combined  with  a  small  amount  of  sodium  carbona'e 
and  sodium  chloride,  will  quickly  destroy  all  organisms  in  1  liter  of 
water  and  render  it  safe  for  drinking  purposes. 
All  of  these  products  may  be  assayed  by  the  well  known  method 
used  for  chlorine  products,  using  a  tenth-normal  sodium  thiosul- 
phate  volumetric  solution,  10  per  cent,  potassium  iodide  solution, 
and  diluted  acetic  or  hydrochloric  acid  and  calculating  for  the  indi- 
cated per  cent,  of  chlorine. 
In  their  development  and  demonstration  of  usefulness,  credit  is 
due  Dr.  Dakin  and  many  collaborators,  chief  among  whom  were 
Drs.  E.  K.  Dunham,  J.  B.  Cohen,  of  the  University  of  Leeds,  J. 
Kenyon,  of  the  British  Medical  Research  Committee,  Capt.  W.  E. 
Lee,  Capt.  W.  H.  Furness,  Capt.  J.  E.  Sweet,  of  the  United  States 
Army  Base  Hospital  No.  10,  and  others. 
List  of  Exhibits. — Tablets  of  Chloramine  T  (Chlorazene),  pow- 
dered Dichloramine  T,  chlorinated  Petrolatum,  chlorinated  Euca- 
lyptol,  10  per  cent,  solution  of  Dichloramine  T  in  chlorinated  euca- 
lyptol  (fresh),  10  per  cent,  solution  of  Dichloramine  T  in  chlorinated 
eucalyptol  (decomposed),  Chlorcosane.    All-glass  atomizer  devised 
