704 
Determination  of  Morphine. 
Am.  Tour.  Pharm 
Oct.,  1918. 
hydroxide.  The  titrated  liquid  was  made  faintly  acid  with  hydro- 
chloric acid  and  then  evaporated  to  small  volume.  A  slight  excess 
of  ammonium  hydroxide  was  next  added  and  the  evaporation  con- 
tinued to  dryness.  The  residue  was  drenched  with  a  further  small 
amount  of  ammonium  hydroxide  and  again  warmed  on  the  water- 
bath  to  complete  dryness.  The  resulting  mixture  was  dissolved  in 
standard  sulphuric  acid  and  titrated  with  sodium  hydroxide  solu- 
tion to  determine  the  amount  of  free  morphine  unacted  upon  by  the 
ammonium  salts. 
Titration  results  : 
I  II 
Before  evaporation  After  evaporation 
with  NH"4C1.  with  NH4CI. 
Total  acid  used                                   25.0       Cc.  25.0  Cc. 
Acid  equivalent  to  the  alkali                  15.0       Cc.  16.7  Cc. 
Acid  equivalent  to  the  morphine            10.0       Cc.  8.3  Cc. 
Weight  of  free  morphine                        0.3000  Gm.  ■  0.2490  Gm. 
The  difference  (0.0510  Gm.,  or  about  one  sixth  of  the  whole)  was 
evidently  converted  into  morphine  salt  at  the  temperature  of  the 
water-bath. 
The  Action  of  Acids  on  Morphine.  Experiment  18. — From  a 
stock  solution  of  morphine  hydrochloride  25  Cc.  was  taken,  mixed 
with  5  Cc.  of  hydrochloric  acid  (sp.  gr.  1.2)  and  50  Cc.  of  alcohol, 
and  boiled  under  a  reflex  condenser  for  5  hours.  The  mixture  was 
then  evaporated  on  a  water-bath  to  about  20  Cc.  and  the  morphine 
content,  as  determined  by  the  iodine  method,  compared  with  that  of 
25  Cc.  of  the  original  stock  solution. 
Sample  treated  Blank  experi- 
with  HC1.  ment. 
Sodium  thiosulphate  used  in  titration    9.20  Cc.  9.25  Cc. 
Experiment  icj. — A.  Ammonium  hydroxide  was  added  to  25 
Cc.  of  an  acid  solution  of  morphine  sulphate  till  it  became  neutral. 
It  was  then  acidified  with  10  Cc.  of  hydrochloric  acid  (sp.  gr.  1.2) 
and  the  whole  was  evaporated  to  about  10  Cc.  The  solution  was 
then  diluted  and  the  morphine  estimated  by  the  iodine  method. 
B.  The  same  volume  of  morphine  solution  was  treated  in  the 
same  way  as  the  foregoing,  but  that  5  Cc.  of  glacial  acetic  acid  di- 
luted with  25  Cc.  of  water  was  substituted  for  the  hydrochloric  acid. 
A  blank  experiment  was  made  on  the  same  volume  of  morphine 
