Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
Nov.,  1918.  i 
Diphtheria  Antitoxin. 
779 
with  the  increase  in  antitoxic  value.  The  increase  in  globulin  was 
mainly  in  the  euglobulin  fraction.  Ledingham  says  that  the  pseudo- 
globulin  and  especially  the  euglobulin  fraction  are  involved  in  this 
increase.  In  the  organs,  an  increase  in  globulins  has  not  been 
shown.117 
It  has  been  urged  that  perhaps  an  increase  in  the  globulins  of  the 
serum  during  immunization  may  be  due  to  changed  nutritive  condi- 
tions ;  as  Githens  found  an  increase  in  globulins  of  serum  in  hunger- 
ing dogs  (1904)  and  Glassner  found  that  during  immunization  of 
rabbits  with  certain  bacterial  products  a  rise  in  the  globulin  fraction 
occurred  only  if  the  animal  showed  severe  metabolic  changes,  but 
that  on  cautious  immunization  this  need  not  appear.118  The  fact 
that  during  immunization  waxy  disease,  hepatic  hemorrhages,  etc., 
occur  would  indicate  that  profound  metabolic  changes  often  are  pro- 
duced during  immunization. 
According  to  Pick119  in  goat  serum  the  antitoxin  is  associated 
with  the  euglobulin,  but  in  the  case  of  horse  serum  it  is  associated 
with  the  pseudoglobulins,  and  while  Ledingham  found  an  increase 
in  the  globulins  in  horse  serum  during  immunization,  which  increase 
was  mainly  in  the  euglobulins,  he  says  that  the  greater  part  if  not  all 
the  antitoxin  is  associated  with  the  pseudoglobulins,  at  least  when 
the  antitoxin  content  of  the  serum  is  rising.  In  his  experiments 
with  goats  he  failed  to  corroborate  Pick's  finding,  that  antitoxin 
was  invariably  associated  with  the  euglobulins.  In  the  refractory 
period  where  abnormal  metabolic  changes  were  marked,  Legingham 
thought  it  might  be  associated  with  the  euglobulins.  Ledingham 
found  that  during  immunization  of  goats  the  rise  in  total  protein 
affected  mainly  the  albumin.  The  recent  work  of  Banzhaf  and 
Famulener  indicates  that  in  goats  the  unit  content  and  protein  in- 
crease have  no  relation.  "  The  unit  relationship  per  gram  protein  of 
the  pseudoglobulin  and  euglobulin  remained  practically  the  same 
during  the  course  of  the  immunization."  Banzhaf  also  found  that 
in  horse  serum  the  increase  is  in  the  pseudoglobulins,  and  that  the 
euglobulins  contain  no  antitoxin.120 
"  Pick  noted  that  tetanus  antitoxin  was  precipitated  with  the 
pseudoglobulins.    However,  this  association  of  the  antitoxin  with 
117  Pick. 
118  Glaessner,  K.,  Zeits.  f.  exper.  Path.,  Vol.  2,  1905-06,  p.  154. 
119  Pick,  Beitrag  path.  Chem.,  Vol.  1,  1902,  p.  362. 
120  Banzhaf  and  Famulener. 
