Am'No0vlir'i <fi8arm' }      Industrial  Organic  Chemistry.  795 
tion.  Although  a  little  fatty  acid  was  liberated  on  the  addition  of 
hydrochloric  acid,  its  presence  would  not  interfere  with  the  subse- 
quent operations.  If,  in  transferring  the  concentrated  solution  to 
the  separating  funnel,  the  use  of  alcohol  were  avoided,  this  fatty 
acid  could  be  removed  sufficiently  by  a  single  extraction  with  chloro- 
form before  the  addition  of  sodium  bicarbonate  and  the  liberation 
of  morphine. 
Analytical  Laboratory, 
Department  of  Customs  and  Inland  Revenue, 
Ottawa. 
ADVANCES  IN  INDUSTRIAL  ORGANIC  CHEMISTRY 
SINCE  THE  BEGINNING  OF  THE  WAR.1 
By  Samuel  P.  Sadtler,  Ph.D. 
Many  ordinarily  intelligent  people  with  no  special  acquaintance 
with  scientific  matters  will  confess  to  having  had  the  belief  that  the 
"United  States  had  no  established  chemical  industries  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  present  great  world  war,  or  if  we  had  any,  they  did  not  cover 
the  field  of  what  is  known  as  organic  chemistry.  Organic  chem- 
istry was  to  them  the  field  of  coaltar  dyes  and  synthetic  medicines 
and  was  not  this  the  peculiar  and  exclusive  domain  of  the  German 
chemical  manufacturer?  We  rather  think  that  this  expresses  the 
actual  knowledge  on  the  subject  on  the  part  of  our  non-scientific 
newspaper  and  magazine  writers  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war. 
However,  the  elements  which  go  to  favor  the  establishing  of  a 
chemical  industry  are  a  wealth  of  raw  materials  and  a  market  for 
the  manufactured  product,  and  with  these,  the  cooperation  of  intelli- 
gent chemical  effort  and  capital.  All  four  of  these  elements  existed 
in  the  United  States  and  the  result  of  their  cooperation  had  already 
been  quite  effective  long  before  the  beginning  of  the  war  in  giving 
us  flourishing  chemical  industries  based  upon  organic  raw  materials 
and  involving  applications  of  organic  chemistry.  When  we  recall 
the  great  wealth  of  this  country  in  petroleum  and  asphalt,  in  all 
varieties  of  coal,  in  vegetable  and  animal  oils  and  fats,  in  cereals  of 
all  kinds  and  in  fibers  of  indispensable  character,  we  would  be  sur- 
prised if  flourishing  chemical  industries  had  not  been  established. 
1  Prepared  by  request  for  the  4th  National  Exposition  of  Chemical  In- 
dustries, New  York,  Sept.,  1918. 
