AAuius[;  Sis?11')    Romance  of  Chemical  Elements.  5?i 
in  honor  of  Herschel  the  name  uranium.  In  1841  Peligot  showed 
that  the  supposed  metal  was  in  reality  the  oxide  of  an  element. 
Titanium. 
Menachin  was  the  name  given  by  William  Gregor  in  1789  to  a 
new  element  discovered  by  him  in  menachinite  (ilmenite).  But  in 
1793  M.  H.  Klaproth  found  independently  from  Gregor  in  Cornwall 
a  new  metal  in  the  mineral  rutil,  which  he  termed  titanum,  deriving 
the  name  from  the  Greek  halfgods  rn-aves,  titanes,  the  children  of 
Uranus  and  Gae  (heaven  and  earth),  in  allusion  to  the  element  dis- 
covered after  uranium.  The  pure  metal  was  very  difficult  to  isolate, 
but  in  1821  Rose  prepared  a  pure  titanum  oxide  and  showed  that 
menachin  and  titanium  were  identical,  while  a  somewhat  impure 
metal  was  prepared  in  1857  by  Wohler  and  Sainte-Claire  Deville. 
Zirconium. 
"Jargon  de  Ceylan  "  has  been  known  to  the  French  jewellers  for 
a  long  time  as  a  gem  of  the  hyacinth  or  jacinth  kind.  It  derived  its 
name  from  the  Hind,  cercars,  Arab,  zargun  =  stone,  meaning  the 
stone  from  Ceylon.  In  a  variety  of  it,  zircon,  M.  H.  Klaproth  rec- 
ognized a  new  element,  calling  it  zirconium;  the  metal  itself  was  in 
1805  isolated  by  Berzelius. 
Yttria. 
In  1788  Arrhenius  found  near  the  Swedish  town  Ytterby  a  new 
mineral,  which  was  later  called  gadolinite,  in  honor  of  the  Swedish 
chemist,  Gadolin,  who  discovered  in  1794  a  new  base  in  this  min- 
eral. This  base  was  in  1799  by  A.  G.  Ekeberg  called  yttria,  from 
its  occurrence  in  the  mineral  of  Ytterby.  Later  on  many  new  ele- 
ments, the  so-called  rare  earth  metals,  have  been  isolated  from  this 
and  similar  minerals,  yttria  itself  proving  to  consist  of  several  con- 
stituents, which  will  be  seen  from  Table  V. 
Beryllium. 
From  beryl  L.  N.  Vauquelin  obtained  in  1797  a  new  oxide  and  in 
1828  A.  H.  Bussy  and  Wohler  isolated  a  new  metal  which  was  called 
beryllium,  from  the  Greek  name  beryllos  for  the  gemstone,  which 
was  known  to  the  ancients.    Sometimes  the  term  glucinum  is  also 
