AMMJa°/i;i872RM'}     Gleanings  from  European  Journals.  213 
and  sulphates,  and  traces  of  chlorides. — N.  Jahrb.f.  Pharm.,  1872, 
Feb.,  98,  from  G-az.  Med.  de  Strassbourg,  vii,  p.  78. 
Extract  of  Meat. — Dr.  R.  Goddefroy  analyzed  some  La  Plata  ex- 
tract of  meat,  prepared  by  A.  Benites  &  Co.,  Buenos  Ayres,  and  also 
some  Fray-Bentos  extract.    The  results  are  as  follows : 
Limits  in  Genuine 
La  Plata.  Fray-Bentos.  Extracts,  accord- 
ing to  Liebig. 
Water,  16-92  per  ct.    18-69  per  ct.      16—21  per  ct. 
Ashes,  10-07     "        21-14     "  18—22 
Combustible  compounds,  64*00     "        6016  " 
Extractive  soluble  in  80  per  ct. 
alcohol,  64-28     "        Not  estimated.  56—66 
Chloride  of  sodium,  2-8      "         1*99  per  ct.  None. 
The  author  recommends  the  La  Plata  as  equal  to  the  Fray-Bentos 
extract  and  as  reliable,  as  long  as  it  is  analyzed  by  chemists  like  Pro- 
fessors Depaire  and  Jouret. — Zeitschr.  d.  oesterr.  Apoth.  Ver.,  1872, 
No.  7. 
Contributions  to  the  Knowledge  of  the  so-called  False  Cinchona 
Barks. — Under  this  title  Professor  Fluckiger  publishes  in  Neues 
Jahrbuch  fur  Pharmacie,  1871,  Nov.  and  Dec,  p.  291 — 302,  a  most 
important  paper,  from  which  we  condense  the  following  results : 
Dr.  O.  Hesse  discovered,  in  1870,  in  quina  blanea  from  Payta,  the 
alkaloid  paytina,  C2lH24N20+H20,  of  which  it  contains  2J  per  cent. 
The  tree  from  which  it  is  obtained  is  supposed  by  Dr.  Fluckiger  to 
belong  to  the  Cinchonacece,  but  not  to  the  genus  Cinchona;  but  the 
bast  fibres  have  the  same  structure  as  those  of  the  true  cinchonas. 
The  alkaloid  differs  by  1  equiv.  of  carbon  from  cinchonia,  and  the 
bark  yields,  when  heated  in  a  test-tube,  a  brown  tar,  not  a  bright  red 
sublimate. 
In  a  copper-colored  bark  from  the  London  market,  provisionally 
named  china  cuprea,  Dr.  O.  Hesse  found  1  per  ct.  of  quinia,  besides 
a  little  cinchonia;  the  same  bark  was  already  in  1857  observed  by  J. 
E.  Howard  and  found  to  contain  quinia.  Dr.  Fluckiger  finds  the 
structure  to  be  entirely  different  from  cinchona,  the  bast  fibres  in  par- 
ticular having  large  cavities  of  the  same  or  even  larger  diameter  than 
the  thickness  of  the  walls  of  the  bast  cells.  The  bark  shows  Grahe's 
reaction  (bright  red  colored  tar,  when  heated). 
The  differences  hitherto  recognized  between  genuine  and  false  cin- 
chona barks  is  obliterated  by  these  investigations ;  the  two  barks  in 
