216 
Yaupon. 
f  Am.  Jour.  Phabm 
t     May  1,  1872. 
erectis,  versus  anthesin  3  millim.  longis  oblongis,  squamis  glaberrimis 
circiter  12  oblongo-linearibus  obtusissimis  valde  concavis  laxe  imbri- 
catis,  late  scarioso-marginatis,  dorso  vitta  viridi  in  utraque  pagina 
densissime  glanduloso-papillosa  notatis  ;  floribus  3-6  in  squamarum 
summarum  axilla  sessilibus  per  paria  dispositis,  ovario  obovato  vix 
quartam  corollae  obconicse  partem  longitudine  sequante.  dentibus  co- 
rollae  obtusis  triangularibus  tubo  quadruple  brevioribus  extus  papillis 
resinosis  crebris  obsitis." 
YAUPON. 
By  Henry  M.  Smith. 
Yaupon  is  the  name  given  by  the  Indians  to  the  leaves  of  the  Ilex 
Oassine,  a  plant  indigenous  to  the  Southern  States,  but  found  only 
along  the  coast,  from  Florida  to  North  Carolina.  Mixed  with  the 
leaves  of  other  species  of  the  same  plant,  Ilex  vomitoria  and  Ilex  da- 
hoon,  it  formed  "  Cassena,"  the  basis  of  their  famous  "black  drink," 
which  was  used  by  the  red  men  as  a  medicine,  and  as  a  state  drink  at 
some  of  their  religious  festivals. 
•   Its  constituents  are,  by  analysis,  as  follows : 
Volatile  oil, 
Wax  and  tar, 
Resin, 
Chlorophyll,  . 
Caffein, 
Tannic  acid,  . 
Brown  coloring  matter, 
Gum,  pectin,  etc., 
Extractive  matter, 
Extractive  matter,  (starch 
Nitrogenous  matter, 
Woody  matter, 
Moisture, 
Ash,  . 
pectose,  tannin,  etc.) 
0.011 
0.466 
3.404 
2.491 
0.122 
2.409 
4.844 
8.244 
10.149 
15.277 
8.138 
34.854 
7.595 
3.935 
101.939 
Total,  .... 
The  volatile  oil  has  a  very  agreeable  odor,  perhaps  faintly  resemb- 
ling that  of  raw  tobacco,  but  having  also  a  tea-like  smell.    The  quan- 
tity obtained  was  too  small  to  determine  its  physical  characteristics, 
but  it  was  quite  soluble  in  water,  and  a  very  small  quantity  gave  a 
