AjuJn°eRi,  m2RM  }     On  the  Baric  of  Juglans  Cinerea.  253 
The  stems  and  the  leaves  of  Gaultheria  and  Epigcea,  when  dis- 
tilled with  water,  did  not  yield  chimaphilin,  discovered  by  Mr.  Sam- 
uel Fairbank.*  In  the  distillate  from  the  stems  of  Chimaphila  um- 
bellata  orange  red  crystals  of  chimaphilin  were  obtained,  and  the 
yellow  aqueous  distillate  yielded  more  of  the  same  crystals  when 
agitated  with  ether. 
Among  the  organic  constituents  of  Gaultheria  and  Epigcea  have 
been  found,  by  this  examination,  arbutin,  urson,  ericolin,  tannic  acid, 
and  a  principle  analogous  to  gallic  acid,  formic  acid  (in  Epigcea), 
grape  sugar,  gum  and  coloring  matter. 
ON  THE  BARK  OF  JUGLANS  CINEREA. 
By  Charles  0.  Thiebaud. 
From  the  Author's  Inaugural  Essay. 
A  quantity  of  the  fresh  bark  was  gathered,  carefully  dried  and 
powdered.  From  a  portion  of  this  a  decoction  was  made,  and  the 
following  reactions  observed.  No  precipitate  occurred  after  acidula- 
tion  with  nitric  acid  by  iodo-hydrargyrate  of  potassium,  thus  proving 
the  absence  of  an  alkaloid.  Dilute  solutions  were  reddened  upon  the 
addition  of  an  alkali.  The  vapor  arising  from  both  the  decoction 
and  aqueous  extract  gave  acid  indication  to  moistened  litmus,  the 
vapor  from  the  extract  turning  it  a  decided  cherry-red  color.  A  por- 
tion of  the  powdered  bark,  moistened  with  water  slightly  acidulated 
with  sulphuric  acid,  and  introduced  into  a  retort,  gave  a  straw  colored 
distillate  with  a  faint  fusel  oil  odor,  acid  to  litmus  and  reddened  by 
alkalies.  This  being  made  slightly  alkaline  by  ammonia  and  set 
aside  in  a  drying  closet,  after  evaporation  to  dryness  yielded  a  small 
quantity  of  slightly  yellowish  prismatic  crystals,  scarcely  soluble  in 
alcohol,  and  with  acid  reaction.  The  bark  distilled  with  pure  water 
gave  a  distillate  with  acid  reaction,  but  deposited  no  crystals  upon 
evaporation.  The  distillate  obtained  by  treating  the  bark  with  water 
rendered  slightly  alkaline  by  carbonate  of  soda  was  neutral  to  test 
paper.  These  experiments  prove  a  volatile  acid  to  be  present  in  the 
bark. 
The  decoction  was  treated  by  acetate  of  lead,  the  precipitate  sus- 
pended in  water,  freed  from  lead  by  saturation  with  hydrosulphuric 
acid  and  filtration  ;  the  solution  evaporated  to  dryness  on  a  water- 
*See  Journal  of  the  Maryland  College  of  Pharmacy,  March,  1860. 
