EDITORIAL. 
93 
Sesqiribromocinchonine,  C40  H-*5  Br  |.  N2  O2  ,  is  formed  along  with  the  preced- 
ing base.  It  may  be  obtained  in  slender  acicular  crystals,  and  has  a  feeble 
bitter  taste,  but  is  alkaline.  Its  salts  crystallise  readily.  The  formula  appears 
strange,  but  it  is  intended  to  show  that  the  24  eqs.  of  hydrogen  in  cinchonine 
are  here  made  up  in  the  proportion  of  22J  to  lh  of  hydrogen  and  bromine. 
H±i  =  H22£  and  Br  J.  =  Br  l.J;  the  latter  expressions,  however,  are  never 
used,  as  being  inconsistent  with  the  very  notion  of  atoms.  It  is  not  easy,  how- 
ever, to  see  how  the  fractions  ±J>  and  A  are  less  inconsistent  with  that  notion.. 
The  fact  is,  that  equivalents  are  probably  never  single  atoms,  but  groups,  and 
such  groups  may  be  supposed  to  be  divided,  which  atoms  cannot  be. 
Bibromocinchonine,  C40    22  [•  N2  O2  is  formed  like  the  two  preceding,  using  an 
excess  of  bromine.  It  is  separated  by  ammonia,  and  forms  pearly  needles,  and 
sometimes  octohedral  crystals,  the  latter  being  a  hydrate  with  4  aq.  It  is  also 
basic. 
lodocinchonine,  2  (O40  H24  N2  O2  )  -{-  I2  ,  is  not  a  substitution-product  like  the 
preceding  four  bases,  but  is  cinchonine  plus  iodine.  It  is  formed  when  the  two 
are  triturated  together.  Alcohol  dissolves  the  mass,  and  by  spontaneous 
evaporation  deposits,  first,  saffron-colored  tubular  crystals  of  iodocinchonine, 
and  then  hydriodate  of  cinchonine.  The  former  is  insoluble  in  barley-water, 
which  dissolves  the  latter.    It  is  slightly  bitter,  soluble  in  alcohol  and  ether, 
Methylocinchonium,  O40  ^v24  TT     >  N2  O2  ,  is  obtained  as  iodide  when  iodide  of 
O2  H3  J 
methyle  acts  on  cinchonine.  Treated  with  oxide  of  silver,  this  salt  yields  the 
hydratecl  oxide,  which  is  a  strong  base,  soluble  in  water,  homologous  with 
hydrated  oxide  of  tetramethylium.  Its  salts  are  very  soluble  and  do  not  readily 
crystallise. 
Methylocinchonidium.  This  is  the  radical  of  another  strong  base  isomeric  with 
the  preceding,  and  its  iodide  and  hydrated  oxide  are  obtained  in  the  same  way, 
from  cinchonidine,  and  resemble  those  of  methylocinchonium. 
Quinine,  cinchonine,  quinidine,  cinchonidine,  quinicine,  and  cinchonicine,  all, 
when  heated  with  potash,  yield  quinoline,  a  volatile  oily  base,  already  alluded  to, 
g.  Aricine,  C46  H26  N2  Os  .  This  base  was  found  in  1828,  in  a  cinchona  bark 
from  Arica,  in  Peru,  and  has  not  since  occurred.  It  is  very  similar  to  cincho- 
nine, from  which  it  differs  in  being  soluble  in  ether.  Aricine  forms  prismatic 
crystals  larger  than  those  of  cinchonine.  It  is  sparingly  soluble  in  water,  very 
soluble  in  alcohol,  soluble  in  ether.  It  has  a  bitter  taste.  Nitric  acid  dissolves 
it  with  an  intense  green  color,  but  decomposes  it.  Its  salts  are  very  soluble, 
and  crystallise  readily.  The  neutral  sulphate,  however,  forms,  when  its  hot 
solution  is  cooled,  a  gelatinous  mass. 
The  mechanical  execution  of  the  volumes  is  creditable,  and  the  general 
style  of  the  "getting  up"  is  good.  The  works  may  be  had  of  H. 
Cowperthwait  &  Co.  of  this  city. 
Proceedings  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  at  the  Fifth  An-  , 
nual  Meeting,  held  in  Baltimore,  September,  1856  ;  with  a  List  of  Members. 
Philadelphia.    Pp.  91. 
Since  our  last  issue  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Association  have 
published  the  proceedings  of  the  late  meeting,  and  have,  we  presume,  dis- 
tributed the  work  to  members  by  mail.  As  this  work  embraces  a  number 
of  interesting  papers,  (several  of  which  have  been  transferred  to  our  pages  ) 
2 
