REMARKS  ON  SPURIOUS  WINTER'S  BARK.  213 
Malambo  with  those  he  had  observed  in  the  new  Winter's  bark, 
he  persuades  himself  that  the  two  are  identical. 
In  the  9th  volume  of  the  same  Journal,  Mr.  Wayne  finds  some 
account  of  Copalchi  bark,  a  bitter  and  aromatic  bark  allied  to 
Cascarilla,  and  produced  by  a  plant  of  the  same  genus,  occurring 
in  Central  and  South  America.  A  certain  agreement  in  the 
chemical  characters  of  Malambo  and  Copalchi,  in  their  reputed 
medicinal  properties  and  in  their  place  of  growth,  have  induced 
Mr.  Wayne  to  regard  them  as  identical :  and  without  having 
seen  either,  he  concludes  his  notice  in  the  following  terms  : 
*  -x-  *  *  ^nd,  to  sum  up  the  whole,  the  evidence  is  so  conclusive  to 
me,  that  I  have  no  hesitancy  in  saying  that  the  Malambo  bark  described  by 
Ure,  the  Copalchi  by  Stark  and  Pereira  as  Corky  Copalchi,  and  the  bark  in 
question  are  identical. ;; 
The  evidence  for  this  conclusion,  I  cannot  but  consider  as 
wholly  insufficient ;  but  the  best  method  by  which  I  can  convince 
you  of  its  untenable  nature,  is  by  submitting  to  you  specimens 
of  the  barks  themselves. 
I  have  accordingly  the  pleasure  to  forward  specimens  of  the 
following  : 
1.  Malambo  bark,  from  New  Grenada. 
2.  Quilled  Copalchi  bark. 
3.  Corky  Copalchi  bark  from  San  Bias,  Mexico  ;  vide  Stark, 
in  Pharm.  Journ.  and  Trans.,  vol.  ix.  p.  463. 
With  regard  to  the  botanical  origin  of  these  barks,  I  believe 
there  is  no  doubt  that  both  sorts  of  Copalchi  are  derived  from 
some  species  of  Croton  ;  but  of  Malambo,  the  source  is  yet  un- 
determined. 
Winter's  bark, — I  mean  the  bark  of  Drimys  Winteri,  Forst., 
with  which  species  are  now  united  the  allied  species  D.  Chilensis. 
DeC,  B.  G-ranatensis,  Linn,  fi].,  and  D.  Mexicana,  DeC.,*  
does  not  occur  (so  far  as  I  know)  in  European  pharmacy.  Its 
place  is  supplied  by  another  bark  (samples  of  which  I  send  you),  of 
the  origin  of  which  nothing  positive  has  been  ascertained.  This 
latter  bark  is  regarded  by  many  writers  on  materia  medica  as 
true  Winter  s  bark,  an  opinion  of  the  fallacy  of  which  any  one 
*  Vide  I.  D.  Hooker's  Botany  of  the  Antarctic  Voyage  :— Flora 
Antarctica,  part  ii,  p.  229. ;  also  Botanical  Magazine,  1854. 
